DataVast Case Study

There are many issues in this case study that overlap each other throughout the process of developing the product for DataVast Inc. , developed by founding Winston Hao. He is the creator and founder of this company but as we all know developing a company isn’t as easy as it may seem when you invest time, money and energy for company that begins to face turmoil. The difficulties that Mr. Hao face is trying to re improve and modify original cloud storage product that stored large quantities of digital data, The big issue was that even though they were ready to send out there newly modified product was who would be their target.This was just the beginning of many problem in this journey. This company tackled there issues with trying to eliminate unwanted products in the market which along the process is considered there biggest issue and making their way to their least problematic issues. DataVast Inc. had a lot to offer in terms of memory storage, from digital files form seconda ry area in order eliminate losing valuable data, In order to do so they had to eliminate CD, External Hard Drive and USB. Particularly because they were unappealing method for businesses to store data because they were too big and could easily be lost and broken.Also, portable external hard drives that even though they store 160 GB TO 2 TB. Are even more expensive than CD and including that they are easy to lose and damage. In addition, USB flash drives although they are portable and store more than double portable external hard drive came with big risk such as security challenge for organizations since they were very small and easily capable of being stolen by unsupervised visitors or employees to take and get away with. DataVast Inc.initially appeared to have an advantage over all these other devices but what appeared to be so was another secondary important problem that need to be dealt with which was what to choose between Public Cloud or Private Cloud that both had advantages o ver regular storage methods. The issue with Public Cloud was that if it was taken on it would inhibit the risk of accommodated data security, since all data was kept at the third-party service provider’s area. Now for Public Cloud it did have an advantage over Public Cloud as the data didn’t need to be store with another party.Nonetheless, users still need to buy a physical storage device, which had to be in the premises of their home office. The next issue for Mr. Hao was dealing with integrated back up system that were offered by IT providers such as IBM and Tivoli. This company had offered many areas of individualization with high performances levels, however they were in high price range and were difficult for smaller companies to pay for that couldn’t afford to. Ultimately, the next step was business data storage in China. Bringing this concept to China was hard because companies that were backing data were North American who were using out dated data.It wa s a frequent thing that people were involved with service industries to sell client info a practice that makes it hard for company trust service provider with strong sensitive company info. DataVast provided Cloud computing storage products to China. This was new to the Chinese market, and Hao hoped that since working with the largest telecommunication company it provide with some recognition. This however caused Chinese businesses to be resistant to adopt cloud products by 2011 five years into operation DataVast was still suffering a terrible loss.

Hollywood’s influence on global culture Essay

1.In what ways do Hollywood movies affect national culture outside of the United States? First, Hollywood is a famous and great brand all round the world and it is true that it has a lot of good movies which left praise word. Thus, it has a lot of fans. Second, Hollywood is good at creation and do well and firstly using new technology. It can attack a lot of audience. What aspects of U.S. Culture do Hollywood films promote around the world? I think two aspects are obvious. One is the language. More and more people around the world learn the English from watching Hollywood movies, not only the word, but the intonation. And the other is American Sprite. We can see many characteristics from the movies, like freedom and strong. Can you observe positive effects of Hollywood movies on the world cultures? At first, American culture is an very important part of the world cultures and Hollywood movies is a stand of American culture. Then, Hollywood movies also involve many other countryâ€⠄¢s cultures. Though some of cultures in the movies are distorted, they still introduce some cultures to other countries. Last, sometimes Hollywood movies describe the future of the world and it can bring the development of technology. 2.In what ways have movies influenced managerial task, company activities, and other ways of doing business around the world? It is easy to be a fashion which appears on the movies. For example, the style of taking tasks can influence the officers. Many things will be pop and the company which is similar with it can develop the industry about the pop things. Even the new job the actors doing can bring the fashion and many people will do it. Can watching foreign films be an effective way of learning how to do business abroad? Justify your answer. I don’t think it will be an effective way. Movies must be exaggerated and some stories can not take place in the reality or it can bring the negative influence. And foreign firms focus more on the situations in that country. It will bring a cross-culture risk. The way used in the movies don’t work in this country. 3.What factors determine the high demand for Hollywood films? Some countries have few movies recourse and they produ ce limited located films in a yeas which can not satisfy the demand for the audience. And the quality of Hollywood films are better than it of the movies in some countries. What’s more, some people have already used to watching Hollywood films. Why are they so popular in Europe, Japan, Latin America and elsewhere? The quality is quite important. And the story and creation do  develop the situation Hollywood films are popular all around the world. Why are foreign films so little demanded in the United States? American film firms produce the enough firm to satisfy the customers’ demand. And the protectionism of the U.S. also influence the demand of foreign films in the U.S. What can foreign filmmakers do to increase demand for their movies in the United State? Improving the quality of the film can help. And the story about that country will help be popular, but the story can not be too located but accepted by some people. 4.Do movies constitute a separate category, or should they be treated like any other good? I don’t agree that the movies should be treated like other good. Like minister said that movie is intrinsic to the nations that create them. Protectionism is necessary but we can have less limited rules and do more communication about culture. Given the nature of movies, should a country shield and support its own film industry via protectionism? Are there better ways to maintain and enhance a home-frown film industry? No, producing high-quality movies is a better way. I think the people in one society are more willing to accept the movies in that area because they can accept them more easily. If there are two movies with the same quality from the Hollywood and that country, i believe more people will choose the movie produced in that country. Creation can catch the focus of youth’s attention.

Introduction to Myth

Introduction to Myth: Mythos – Greek word for story (not necessarily true or false) Mythology – the study of myths Primitive people needed to make stories/myths in an effort to understand what was going on in their world. Humans are the only beings with a need to understand things; a dog doesn’t think â€Å"why me †. Primitive people, when scared, hurt, depressed, created myths to explain their pain or discomfort. All cultures make myths in their early development. Around 1200 B. C. , ancient Greeks began to take written history and to make rational and logical stories. Myth-making came to an end once this began.Myths â€Å"illustrate† the truth, much as Jesus did in his parables. He did not give an exact point, but told a story that showed what he meant. Myths may not tell the literal truth, but they illustrate human nature and human experience. Theories: Max Muller – concluded that all ancient myths are about nature and natural phenomenon. Carl Jung – noted that same kinds of myths turn up in all different cultures, such as each culture having their own version of the Great Flood. He developed his theory of the Collective Unconscious – that all humans are born with these same ideas in their brains, lying deep and unconscious.He said that myths explore these deep ideas of the collective unconscious. Claude Levi-Strauss – research on human brain, that different sides were responsible for different functions. Noted that the body is binary (2 arms, 2 ears, 2 legs†¦) and says that we think in pairs with ideas (on & off, right & wrong, good & evil, yes & no). They are pairs of opposites in conflict with each other. Levi-Strauss says that man’s entire experience is based on conflict, and that myths present the conflicts, then resolve them within the story. The 20th century was in ways spent examining and interpreting the ideas of the 19th century.Despite technological strides, it has been sai d that no ideas came from the 20th century. For example, 20th century scholars spent their lives working on the 19th century ideas of Darwin, Marx and Freud. Sigmund Freud – all human nature is driven by sex. Freud started psychotherapy. He turned his focus to myths and concluded that all myths are about sex and are a way of revealing sexual fears and desires without having to confront them every day. Characters: Zeus, Semele, Hera Zeus – lord and king of the gods. Constantly making love to females of all kinds. In this story, Zeus is making love to Semele.But Zeus is married to his sister, Hera, who always finds out about his infidelities. Hera disguises herself as an old human woman and visits Semele, who confesses that not only is she making time with Zeus, but that he love her more than his own wife! Hera says that no, he doesn’t, because with his own wife, he appears to her as he really is – as an almighty god. Usually, Zeus appears as a human â€⠀œ tall, strong, distinguished, a little bit of gray. So the next time Zeus comes around, Semele asks him to appear as he really is. Zeus denies her, saying that she doesn’t want to see that.So she bitches and moans until he gives in, makes love to her, and appears to her as the god that he is – at which point she is immediately destroyed by a bolt of lightning. That story can be analyzed by the four theories listed above. Is any single theory correct? Are none of them correct? 1. Muller’s Nature Theory – because primitive people are in constant contact and conflict with nature. Zeus is the ultimate god, even over the god of thunder, and they find thunder frightening. Lightning is Zeus’ weapon, and experiencing a lightning bolt is the closest that they could get to Zeus. So to them, a lightning bolt IS Zeus.Getting struck by lightning is getting hit by Zeus. That’s where nature comes in. Zeus is frequently depicted with a lightning bolt. 2. Jung’s Collective Unconscious – two of his ideas – Anima and Animus. Anima is the male idea of the ideal woman, the universal woman, who makes men crazy and keeps them off balance by nagging and manipulating. Animus is the idea that all women have of men – violent, destructive, aggressive, rapists. So myths provide an expression for these ideas, which lie deep in the unconscious. Both appear in this Zeus story – she nags him like crazy and he destroys her. 3.Levi-Strauss – humans are obsessed with conflict and resolution. Each of the three characters in this story are in conflict with every other conflict. But as soon as you get rid of Semele, all conflicts are resolved. 4. Freud – it’s all about sex; Castration Anxiety – a boy has one, a girl doesn’t. The boy thinks she must have cut hers off and worries that she’ll cut his off. Penis Envy – the girl looks, he has something she doesn’t, she k nows she’s never had one, and she wants one. In this myth, Semele insists to see Zeus â€Å"as he really is†Ã¢â‚¬ ¦or naked. She’s obsessed about it (penis envy).But when he stands there naked, he has to kill her (castration anxiety). Creation Know that myths conflict and contradict each other, and the Greeks did not have them in a logical order. One does, through, give a story of creation, which we compare to Genesis from the Bible. Genesis – God is already in existence at the beginning of Genesis, then he creates the universe; the creation order matches the evolutionary order. The climax of the story is when god creates the first man. But then, man complains that he needs a companion, so woman is created. Greek – starts with chaos, which in Greek means â€Å"emptiness† or â€Å"nothing†.So you start with nothing. Then five beings come into existence: * Ge – (pro. ‘gay’) – the earth (feminine; any word that ends in ‘e’ in Greek is feminine) * Tartarus – dark terrible prison located beneath the earth * Eros – passionate love * Erebus – darkness * Night – night Of the five, three are frightening and dark. It’s scary because 90% of human animal information comes from sight, and human animal has poor night vision. So night was scary for primitive humans, because their predators had either excellent night vision or great sense of smell. Night is a time when we’re defenseless.Only one of the five was imagined by Greeks to be in human form. Eros was an adolescent boy. They knew a 16-year-old boy could impregnate more women at that age than at any other time in his life. When Romans took over Eros, they turned him into the five-year-old boy we know as Cupid. Next, Ge gives birth, with no help from a man, to Mountains, Seas and Heavens: Ge does this without the help of any male. It was assumed for a long time that women made babies all on their own, with no help from men. This gave them a position of importance and prominence in society, while the men were unimportant.After all, sex was just for fun, and there was no immediate effect. No one put it together until man learned how to count – that was a bad day for women. They figured out the solar year, then the months, then that 9 months after sex, the baby came along. So it was the man involved after all. And eggs were inside and invisible, while the male secretion was obvious. So it was the man that actually parented the child, the woman was just a carrier. So now men were the most important. So later, Ge needed a husband, since men were necessary after all.She married her son Heaven, or Uranus (Ouranos). Since Uranus was the man and Ge was the woman, Uranus got all the credit. After a long dry spell when the rains came and the land became green again, it was Uranus up in the heavens that fertilized his wife Ge and gave them crops. Also, heaven must be male b ecause he’s on top and above Mother Earth. Primitive people, like children, saw the world in terms of themselves – they thought rain from the sky was male sperm impregnating the earth. Anthropomorphism – the process by which we give human form to things that are not really human.His current example was Barney, but the Greek gods had the same range of emotions (hatred, jealousy) that Greek humans had. This is man making god in man’s image, since it was the only form they knew well. (i. e. marriage of heaven and earth – putting a human occurrence to the supernatural) (True of Greek gods) So we’ve got Ge and Uranus. But Uranus hated his children – he thought they were ugly. So he stuffed each one of them back into the body of Ge (earth). Ge was in pain so she asked the kids inside of her for help, but only Cronus (youngest child) would help her.She got some iron from inside herself and formed a sickle (common instrument with curved blade to cut grain), and gave it to Cronus. Cronus hid in the evening until Uranus came back to sleep with his wife, then Cronus jumped out, grabbed Uranus’ genitals, chopped them off, and threw them into the sea, where they floated. A foam formed around the genitals, and out of that foam came Aphrodite, the goddess of passionate love. (Remember: god of love is Eros) How does Cronus get out? Does he stand on his mother Ge, since she is the earth? Is Uranus the heavens or is he a man with genitals?The Greeks weren’t concerned with realistic details (didn’t think that way) – the more bizarre, irrational and violent the story, the older and more primitive it is. Now, the male is the only real parent, since he provides the visible sperm and the woman is just a carrier. So the male is the head of the family, and a male king rules over all families. So since baby-making was the important part, a castrated male could not be in charge. So Uranus was no longer chief â €“ Cronus, his defeater, became the chief god Once, he became the chief god, Cronus let all of his siblings out of Ge.And he needed to marry so he could make babies. So he married his sister Rhea. They had kids, but Cronus knew from his own experience that kids could endanger his power. So he swallowed each child whole. Rhea was distressed, him swallowing the kids and all, and went to Ge and Uranus for advice. They said to give him a rock wrapped in baby clothes next time, that he’d never know the difference. So she hid the next child, Zeus, and Cronus swallowed a rock instead. Rhea took Zeus to Crete and hid him in a cave to grow up safely away from Cronus.Once grown, Zeus tricked Cronus into spitting up all of his brothers and sisters, and there was a war between Cronus and Rhea’s generation and Zeus’ generation. Cronus’ generation (his brothers and sisters) were called the Titans. Zeus’ people chose Mt. Olympus as their war base, and after w inning, he and his siblings lived on Mt. Olympus (a mountaintop, where primitive Greeks would expect their gods to live). Zeus and crew were called the Olympians. Zeus used lightning bolts as his weapon to lead the Olympians to victory over the Titans, and Zeus took over as god of the universe until the end of mythology.Zeus hurled most of the Titans (his aunts and uncles) down to Tartarus (the deep prison) so that they could never challenge his power. But he couldn’t bring himself to do that to Cronus, his father. Cronus was sent west into exile (traveled west because it was the direction of death), never to return to Greece. Cronus went to Italy and hid there, where he used the Latin name Saturn, which â€Å"Saturday† was named after. (Hiding place of Cronus: Lateo, Latium, Latini). Cronus was still a god and presided over a golden age in Italy.Then we went further west , but the Italians recalled the golden age with a mid-winter festival called Saturnalia, in which the high point was December 25th. On that day, no one worked or went to school, and families exchanged gifts with each other. When the Catholic church took over Rome, the took over existing festival days (smoother transition), and Saturnalia was changed to celebrate the Mass of Christ (Christmas). Generations: Ge & Uranus Cronus & Rhea Zeus & Hera Creating People: The creation of the first man (male) was very unimportant.Myth is not even clear as to who did it. Some versions say Zeus created man out of dirt. Others say Zeus’ cousin Prometheus (son of one of the Titians) created man and had sympathy for humans. But male human life was pathetic and weak and helpless and inferior to animals – humans can only walk better. So Prometheus went to heaven and stole fire and gave it to man. Now, every human had fire for warmth, light and protection. When Zeus found out, he was so angry that he wanted to offset the gift of fire, so he gave man something very terrible – wom an. The creation of woman was a big deal.Hephaestus, the craftsman, constructed the first woman and handed her over to Aphrodite, the goddess of passionate love and the most beautiful. Aphrodite gave woman irresistible beauty and charm, then handed her over to Athena, goddess of wisdom. Athena taught woman important and useful skills, then handed her over to the god Hermes, who among other things is god of the practical joke. Hermes gave woman the character of a thief and the mind of a bitch. Then all of these gods – Hephaestus, Aphrodite, Athena, and Hermes – brought woman before Zeus, who named her â€Å"all gifts†, or Pandora. Zeus had a gift for Pandora – a big jar (not a box!! , ceramic, 4 or 5 feet tall. She asked what was in it, but Zeus refused to answer – just take it with you, he said. Zeus took her and her jar down to earth and the society of men. Prometheus had an earthly brother, Epimetheus. Prometheus means â€Å"forethought†, and thinking before speaking or acting. His brother Epimetheus†¦well, not so much. Afterthought. Prometheus had warned his brother not to accept any gifts from gods, but he took one look at Pandora, she of irresistible beauty and charm, and took her and her jar in. Life was good for a while, but Pandora was so curious about the jar.She’d go and listen to it, shake it, smell it. Finally, one day she opened the seal, and out came all of the ills that we face – sickness, death, disease, pain, famine, drought – only hope was left in the jar, and it remained there when she finally got the lid back on. So, hope was left in the jar – what was â€Å"hope† doing in a jar full of evils? The Greeks were deeply pessimistic and felt that life was hard and cruel, with no â€Å"happy ending†. Note that most myths end unhappily and violent. So to them, hope was the greatest evil of all – hope makes you think none of the evils would happen to you .But the certain future is that we’re all going to die, so the Greek pessimism is based in reality. But hope makes us think that none of that will happen to us. Second Creation – The Great Flood: In the Old Testament, God wipes out horrible man and saves only Noah’s family. God tells him to build an ark, and despite sure ridicule, Noah does. He puts a male and female of each animal on the ark with his family, and survive when the rains come and flood the land. He sends out doves until one returns with an olive branch – a sign of dry land. The ark sets down on Mt. Ararat and Noah and his family reproductively recreate the human race.Every culture has a flood story. Were the Biblical stories made up as the myths were to make sense of the world around them? But there are flood stories all over the world – proof of a great flood? The earth goes through warming and cooling periods – did a warmth come through and melt the glaciers, flooding all in habitable land? Many ancient cities were built in river valleys – at some point or another, every river will challenge its banks and flood, which would create a version of the same story all over the world. So some myths may well be based in reality. The Greek Flood version:Zeus went down to earth disguised as a human to check out human society and found it disgusting, corrupt, evil and treacherous. So Zeus returned to Mt. Olympus and told the other gods that he was going to flood the earth to get rid of the evil human race. The other gods provided an answer to the question â€Å"why does man exist? † If Zeus destroyed all humans, there would be no one left to worship the gods. That are how humans were perceived in greek myth; they were only there to worship the gods. So Zeus goes back and finds a husband/wife worth saving, Deucalion and Pyrrha.They were pious and just – they had the right relationship with the gods and they had right in their dealings with othe r humans. (This parallels Jesus’ two great commandments – love only one god and love thy neighbor). Usually, Greek myth is not concerned with human morality, but here it mattered to Zeus. So Zeus puts Deucalion and Pyrrha in a boat and flooded the land. After the waters subsided, Deucalion and Pyrrha saw that they were the only people left, and they were terrified. Being pious, they prayed to the gods for advice. They were told â€Å"Take the bones of your mother and throw them over your shoulder. You often see strange answers when people talk to gods. This was even weirder because the Greeks prioritized proper burial, so digging up bones didn’t sound appropriate. So Deucalion and Pyrrha tried to figure it out, and came up with ‘mother’ was Ge, Mother Earth. So they threw rocks and stones over their shoulders, and where they landed, the new human race formed. But why did they have to throw it over their shoulder? That parallels Lot and his wife lea ving Sodom and Gomorrah. She looks back over her shoulder after being warned not to, and is turned to a pillar of salt.She wasn’t supposed to see the supernatural. So that’s why they threw ‘bones’ over their shoulders – so they couldn’t see the supernatural event. You can’t watch – you’ll destroy yourself (Zeus destroying Semele) or you cancel out the event. Greek religion was not a monotheism (one god), or a polytheism (many gods), but a form of polytheism, henotheism – belief in one god most powerful, but other gods exist. Zeus is the powerful one here, over other gods and humans. Now, Zeus was sleeping with any woman he could get his hands on – human, goddess, nymph – because his power came from baby-making.Unsentimentally, â€Å"father† is like a dog that sires, just a baby-maker. Morality didn’t matter, Zeus was the great father god up in heaven, a carouser (but that’s due to anthropomorphism as well). So Zeus marries his sister Hera and appoints two of his brothers to control parts of the universe, under his command and authority. Poseidon, god of the sea, and Hades, god of the world of the dead. Zeus has control over heavens and the earth Hera is the goddess of marriage – she understands marriage, she’s not nice or sweet, but cunning and cruel, with sexual jealousy being the worst.Her Latin name is Juno, so June weddings are traditional and girls wanted to marry in her month to gain her blessing. Poseidon – god of the sea – Latin name Neptune, often shown as jolly, but he’s not. Poseidon was associated with horror, sea monsters, tidal waves and earthquakes. He also constantly was having affairs, one with a human girl named Scylla. Poseidon’s wife (no name given) finds out about the affair, waits for Scylla to get in the bathtub, then poisons the water. When Scylla stood up, she had a ring of wolves heads growi ng out of her waist.Poseidon came back to make love to her – no way, wolfie. She begged him to hide her, so he put her in a cave near the edge of the Mediterranean sea, where she waited for sailors to come too close, where she’d capture them and feed them to the wolf heads. Poseidon is an example of gods being more than just gods. Poseidon is god of the sea, but Poseidon also is the sea. The Mediterranean is violent, like Poseidon. Gods always have the character of what they’re god of. Hades is god of the dead. There were no temples built to Hades to honor him with statues and sacrifices.Every human makes his individual sacrifice to Hades by their own death. The earth had three layers – the top layer which Greeks walked on, the land of the dead (underworld), and Tartarus, the deep prison in which the Titans were kept. Dead people go to the underworld. The Greeks believed in immortality of the soul, and that the souls of all people go to these dark, unhapp y caverns for eternity. Odyssey – Homer – told the stories of the travels of Odysseus, who goes to the entrance of the world of the dead and looks in (the west’s oldest account of death).He saw that the ghosts of the dead were transparent, recognizable, and too weak to talk or to touch, and they shrieked like bats. Odysseus kills an animal and drains its blood, which they drink to give them the strength to talk to him. This makes sense – the body rots away when you die, leaving only bones and eventually dust. The Greeks knew to love live, because the afterlife had none of the pleasurable experiences of life in the body. To the Greeks, the afterlife had no place of reward nor punishment – all souls went to the same gloomy place, longing for physical life and the pleasures of the body.Alternatively, Christianity teaches that the pleasures of the soul are better than of the body – that the body is somehow dirty. Gymnasium literally means to tak e off close in the gym. The Greeks, though, praised nudity. They figured that God made the body, so every part of it, down to the armpits, should be considered beautiful. So the Greeks imagined gods in beautiful human forms, thinking there was no form any higher or more beautiful. Cronus & Rhea Hestia —– Hades —– Poseidon —– Demeter —– Hera —– Zeus Hestia is one of the oldest children, the goddess of hearth (fireplace).She is elusive in Greek myth. She just stayed home and kept the fire going – never married, just stayed home. The Temples to Hestia always had fire going for people who needed it. Her Roman name was Vesta, as in Vestal Virgins. No real stories about Hestia. Demeter – Zeus’s sister, goddess of Agriculture; recall that the father is the only real parent, but if the mom/female doesn’t feed and nourish the child, it dies. Therefore, the earth, which provides food to people, i s female. So Demeter is also the goddess of Motherhood. Anthropomorphic form of mother Ge.Demeter’s daughter is Persephone, whose father is unclear, maybe Zeus. The father is irreverent between the mother and child relationship. Demeter completely loved her child (an anthropomorphic transference of emotion). Hades was Persephone’s uncle, but he fell in love with her. Being god of the dead, he knew he could not persuade her to love him, so he opened up the earth, rose up in his chariot, swept her up, and took her back with him to the underworld as the earth closed. So Demeter comes back and can’t find her daughter. She goes nuts. Searched and searched.Finally, the sun, who sees all, tells her that Hades had abducted her. Now, gods cannot interfere with other gods – only Zeus has that power, so she knew there was nothing that she could do, and couldn’t get Persephone back. Demeter disguised herself as an old human woman and went to work for a family with a newborn baby. She transferred the love she had to someone else’s child. She loved the child, and wanted to give the human child a divine gift. So every night, she’d hold him in the fire to make him immortal. One night, the real mother walks in and sees her holding her baby in the fire.She screamed madly and rushed toward Demeter. Demeter became very angry and threw the child on the floor – angry because the fantasy she had built up to battle her own grief had been shattered. Now she had to face the fact that her child Persephone was gone. The family of the baby found out she was a goddess and were very frightened, and built her a temple on that very spot. Demeter walked into the temple and started to grieve. The Earth went barren and would give no fruit, responding to Demeter’s grief. Recall that the goddess of earth IS earth. Without food, people started dying in droves.Eventually, the other gods went to Zeus to get him to do something – if all the people died, there’d be no one to worship them. Zeus sent a messenger to Hades to give it up. Hades stood before Persephone and handed her a pomegranate. She took one bite and handed it back to him. He then took her in his chariot and brought her back up to earth and set her down next to Demeter’s temple. Demeter saw her and was overjoyed, and the earth bloomed and grew. But because she ate part of the pomegranate, she must go back to Hades for part of each year, and during that time, Demeter grieves for her and the earth does not give food.This fits into Muller and nature – it explains the seasons and why food does not grow during certain parts of the year. Putting the story in such human terms made it easy for the Greeks to understand that season. In some societies, a man and woman sharing a meal (the pomegranate), especially in his home, means that they’re married. This is still continued with the bride and groom sharing cake, the oldest part of the modern ceremony. New story: Orpheus was the best musician in the Greek world. â€Å"Orpheum† theatres are still named after him. He was so good that wild animals would come to listen to him, such as the lion in the statue.He played a lyre, a stringed harp-like instrument. Trees would also uproot themselves and move closer to him when he played, and rocks would roll over toward him. This shows the power of music – it has no physical benefit, yet it has a tremendous effect on us. On Orpheus’ wedding day to Eurydice, his bride stepped on a poisonous snake, was bitten, and died. So Orpheus went to Hades and pleaded for him to send his dead wife’s soul back to earth. He brought his lyre, and got ready to play to persuade Hades. Orpheus appeared before the court of Hades and began to sing about how much he missed Eurydice.It was so moving and powerful that even Hades, god of the dead, wept. So Hades allowed the soul of Eurydice to return to earth, but Or pheus was told he must walk back up to earth the way he had come and Eurydice would be sent after him. But – Orpheus could not turn around and look behind him to see if she was indeed following him. Remember, you can’t look at the supernatural, such as the dead coming back to life. So Orpheus starts walking back up the dark, gloomy corridors, excited about getting his Eurydice back. He tries to listen for her behind him – he tries to look peripherally at the walls to detect her shadow moving.He sees nothing, and begins to doubt. After all, the gods had never allowed the dead to come back to life before – maybe Hades had just told him that to get rid of him. He became convinced he would never get his Eurydice back, and grief overtook him. It seemed so simple when Hades agreed, but now he simply could not believe it was true. So he turned around – and there was Eurydice, right behind him, beautiful as ever. But as soon as Orpheus looked, she was snat ched back to the land of the dead – he had cancelled the miracle and had lost her again, but this time it was entirely his own fault!He ran back down to Hades to beg him to let her return, but Hades said he would not grant it a second time. So Orpheus had to return to earth alone. He became a hater of women – not because they had wronged him, but because Orpheus was afraid of getting hurt again. So now he became famous for two reasons – his music and his hatred of women. He was singing in the woods one day, alone he thought, when a group of women came upon him and killed him, tearing him apart. He then joined Eurydice in the underworld.The Greeks made this myth to show that, theoretically, it was possible to survive permanent death in some joy, if you did exactly what the gods or priests said. The Great Greek Gods of Olympia: Aphrodite – name means â€Å"born from the foam†, that being the foam of her father Uranus’ genitals when they were c ast into the sea. Her Roman name is â€Å"Venus†, and she is the Greek goddess of love, being the most beautiful of all gods and goddess. But it’s not hand-holding warm and fuzzy love – it’s uncontrollable sexual desire that makes you crazy and not concerned with the risks or consequences of such passion.Now the Greeks through the powers of the weather came from heaven, that the sea’s power was from the gods, and even the earth can feed or starve – they personify the powers of nature in gods. So why sex? They thought that inside you there are also powerful forces, and Greeks needed to understand why sexual wantonness was so powerful, so there’s a goddess for it. Now since gods are what they represent, Aphrodite is sex – a real slut. Humans are not instinctively monogamous – promiscuity was instinctive, and Aphrodite is the goddess of the promiscuity. She did sleep around a lot, with human and with god.But Aphrodite was m arried to Hephaestus, the god of craftsmen who crafted Pandora. Hephaestus is the only physically imperfect god, having crippled legs. So the only imperfect god is married to the most perfect goddess. The Greeks that only a disabled person would stay inside all day (outside good to Greeks! ) and make things with his hands. Manliness was defined by fighting and hunting, but Hephaestus cannot fight. Now Hephaestus had a brother, Ares (Roman – Mars), the god of war, and because war was hated, Ares was the most hated god, even among the other gods. But he was a perfect physical specimen.As soon as Hephaestus would leave for his shop, Ares would sneak in the back door for a little lovin’ from Aphrodite. Eventually, the sun, who sees all, told Hephaestus about the affair. So Hephaestus made a giant, strong net and concealed it above the bed. The next day after he left for work and Ares came in, the net came down and held them in place, so tightly that they could not even mov e out of their lovemaking position. So Hephaestus comes in, but gods cannot harm one another – so he went out and invited all the other gods and goddesses to come in and take a long look.The goddesses were too modest, but the gods came in. They laughed, pointed, measured, discussed what they would do if they were in Ares position, which many of them probably had been. So there was no physical violence, but lots of laughing and humiliation. Hephaestus freed them, and Ares never entertained Aphrodite again. So sexuality was beyond the Greeks control – that’s why they had to have a god for it. Pygmalion – a rare Greek happily-ever-after myth. Pygmalion (a guy) was a sculptor, but he was very lonely. So he carved a statue of a beautiful woman and eventually fell in love with the statue.So he went to the temple of Aphrodite, made sacrifices, and prayed for the statue to be a real woman. So he gets home, and the statue comes alive. They lived happily ever after . So how does this parallel Greek life? The man who finds the perfect woman is the man who creates her himself. This reflects the frustration that the Greek people had in finding someone to love. This myth was a fantasy – not of coping with reality, but of escaping from it. Cybele – not a Greek myth, but a Near-Eastern legend on which a Greek myth was based, but changed and adjusted, as we’ll see.Most Greek culture was adapted from ancient near east. The story is violent and bizarre. Cybele was the great mother goddess, who was both male and female. She decided that she’d be much better off just being female, so she cut off her male genitalia and threw it away. Where it landed, the first almond tree grew. Along came Nana, a nymph (Greek for â€Å"bride†) – nymphs are half-human and half-divine, they live forever and are always young and beautiful, but they have no god-like power and cannot leave the area where they’re assigned. Nana t ook a white blossom off that first almond tree and put it between her breasts.It disappeared there and she turned up pregnant. She named her son Attis, and he was a perfect example of a young man. So much so that Cybele, mother goddess, fell in love with him. But Attis loved someone else, so Cybele’s love drove him insane until finally he castrated himself and died from the wound. Cybele was so distraught that she asked the other gods to bring him back to life. They agreed, but with the condition that he’d have to be castrated and die every year. The Greek version: Myrrha – Myrrha was a human girl whose only real parent was her father, since her mother died when she was very young.She loved her father dearly and deeply – too much, because she realized that she wanted to sleep with him, even though she knew it was wrong. She eventually became physically lovesick and depressed over it. When the nanny who raised her noticed that Myrrha was sick, she asked wh y. Myrrha tried to hide it, but eventually blurted out the truth. Well, the old woman nanny was only concerned with Myrrha’s happiness, so she went to the father and told him that a young girl in town wanted to sleep with him – but the girl was shy and wanted her identity to be concealed, so there must be no lights.He agreed. So the old woman told Myrrha that she had arranged it, and Myrrha was horrified! She had wanted it, yes, but now that it was possible†¦. Eventually, she decided to go ahead with it. So she started to visit her father repeatedly in his dark room. She got pregnant. In the meantime, the father was getting curious about who his lover was, tried to recognize her around town and couldn’t, so one night he hid a lantern in the cupboard and closed the door. While his lover was in his dark room, he took out the lantern, saw his own daughter, and realized what he had done.He was furious that he had been tricked and tried to kill Myrrha, who praye d to Aphrodite. Aphrodite transformed her into a myrrh tree (which is where the name came from). Myrrh trees give off an aromatic sap that was used in embalming – the symbolism of Jesus getting a gift of myrrh signified that he would die. This myth helps explain why myrrh sap is used in embalming – death is associated with sadness, and the sap is the sad tears of Myrrha. But Aphrodite saved Myrrha’s baby – a boy child named Adonis. Adonis was a perfect young man, and Aphrodite herself fell in love with him.It was a dangerous world, and Aphrodite was concerned about Adonis, but he didn’t care, and he went boar hunting. Boar hunting was very challenging and dangerous because the boars are smart and would hunt their hunters. So boar hunting was done in groups – they’d use dogs to track and corner a boar into a cave. The hunters formed a semicircle around the cave and the dogs would drive the boar out. The plan was that when the boar came out and saw all the hunters, it would freeze for just a second – long enough for the hunters to kill it. But some boars didn’t freeze – they just charged out and killed a hunter or two in the process.Charge – bye Adonis. Aphrodite grieved and asked the gods to bring Adonis back. They agreed, but once a year Adonis would have to be killed by a boar and come back again. Both Attis and Adonis are called ‘resurrection gods’. With a woman loving both of their dead bodies, we saw a statue of how that resembles Mary holding the body of crucified Jesus. A whole religion grew out of Adonis. Now, for a god to fall in love with a human was considered disgusting to the gods, much like a human falling in love with a chicken. But Aphrodite delighted in making gods fall in love with humans for her amusement.So Zeus decreed that Aphrodite would fall in love with the next human she saw. That human was a shepherd named Anchises. It was summer, and in the summ er shepherds worked naked. So she transformed herself into a beautiful human girl and approached him – told him that she was under a spell and the only way to break the spell was for him to sleep with her. Anchises became uneasy†¦he could tell she was a god because 1) gods were tall, where Greeks were short, 2) gods were blonde, where Greeks were dark, and 3) gods smell good, not like meat-eating Greeks who stank.Anchises thought it was too good to be true, but still he agreed. Afterward, he rolled over and went to sleep. Aphrodite didn’t care about him any more – she had conquered and the novelty was gone, so she decided to tell him her real identity. She woke him up and told him and Anchises was filled with terror – thinking she had used him up and that he’d be impotent. She laughed at him and assured him it would still work. So she went back to Olympus, and he, like any other guy, went to the nearby city of Troy and bragged that he had made love to the goddess Aphrodite.Bad move, he should’ve kept quiet. Zeus was angry with him and struck him with a lightning bolt which crippled him. Aphrodite, on the other hand with it being revealed that she had slept with a human, was mocked, ridiculed and humiliated. Test 1 info: Need a sheet of paper 25 short answer questions (fill in the blank) 1 extra credit question (from book) Zeus’ generation was named from ___? Name one of â€Å"Heaven† daughters? Greek name for â€Å"heaven† was Uranus Rhea Who said that myth resolved conflict? Levi struass

Tracing the pathway of a cheeseburger through the entire digestive Essay

Tracing the pathway of a cheeseburger through the entire digestive system - Essay Example The term "animal testing" means the procedures done on the bodies of the animals. It is majorly for the purposes of research into pure biology and ailments, evaluating the efficiency of new medicinal yields. Moreover, it is also meant for testing the health of human beings besides assessing the safety of the environment of consumer and industry products. Animal testing began a long time ago. The time dates back to the fourth and third centuries. Early Greek writers documented some of these early animals testing. Aristotle and Erasistratus were probably the first few individuals in the history of animal testing. The first person who dissected mammals like goats and pigs are Galen. He was among the very few physicians who lived in the by the then times of history. However, later on animal testing was introduced in Spain as an experimental method of testing the surgical operations and steps before using them in the doing surgery to us human beings. A surgical doctor, Ibn Zuhr (Avenzoar), introduced that notion. Later on in 1242, circulation of blood in mammals was provided by a scientist known as Ibn al-Nafis. The year 1996 also marked a very significant year in the history of animal testing. Successfully, the Dolly sheep was born. Dolly was cloned from an adult cell. It was the first in the history of animal testing. Ian Wilmut, Keith Campbell besides other individuals at Roslin Institute situated in Scotland, plus a biotechnology company that funded the whole process of cloning dolly. The main reason for cloning dolly was to confirm if the somatic cells would form a whole organism. Currently, animal testing is still in use in the in researchers that targets to get a solution to medical challenges from Alzheimer’s disease. Other challenges include spinal cord malfunctions, multiple sclerosis and many other states where there are no valuable in vitro model

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An Analysis of Charles Darwin's Works - Essay Example But he was not moved by the studies and found them disinteresting. With the intention of making a career in the Church of England, Darwin went to learn theology at Christ’s College, Cambridge. But he did not have much interest in the subject of theology either. As in Edinburg, also in Christ’s College he did not pay much attention in his studies however he managed to pass the examinations and left Cambridge in 1831 and later became a naturalist with profound interests in geology and life sciences (A Brief History of Charles Darwin). Darwins’ works Barlow observes that â€Å"Charles Darwin’s own reflections on his life and work, written between the ages 67 and 73, must remain an important work of reference, whether in history of ideas or in a portrait gallery of men. He still stands as the leading figure of that revolution in scientific thought which followed the publication of the Origin of Species in the middle of the 19th century, a revolution soon invo lving all realms of knowledge’’ (Barlow 11). After the completion of his studies Darwin devoted his time in exploring the local natural history and different aspects of geology. A turning point in his life can be attributed to an opportunity which he got from John Henslowe who was a professor of Botany in Cambridge. John Henslowe recommended Darwin’s name for a position on a British Navy survey vessel- HMS Beagle. The vessel was dedicated to make a ‘coastal survey expedition’ to South America for two years. The captain of the vessel wanted eagerly to have a naturalist companion on board. Instead of two years the voyage lasted for five long years providing Darwin an immense opportunity to explore South America rigorously with numerous islands in the Pacific Ocean, including the Galapagos. Returning from England in 1839, Darwin furnished deep focus on experiments on the specimens and the artifacts which he had collected from the voyage of which develo pment on the ‘species transmutation’ analysis bears much significance. In due course of time, he became quite well known and established his reputation as a renowned naturalist in London. While he was in the voyage in the Beagles’ Darwin minutely noticed various aspects of the morphology and biogeography of several flora and fauna and inferred that the species are similar in various respects. By 1838, his theory of natural selection and survival of the fittest more or less made its foundation. A British naturalist Alfred Russell Wallace was rigorously working in South Asia on the generation of ideas of the evolution of species like Charles Darwin. With the help of his friends Darwin prepared a brief paper and read it before the Royal Society along with the paper of Wallace and in 1859 published his work, On the Origin of species, which was an ignition phase of his accelerating future works. In the remaining part of his life Darwin deeply engrossed himself in the research work and publishing books on evolution of life. Among his other innumerable works few which bears special significance are his works on climbing plants, insect-orchid mutualisms, and earthworms. An epitome of unparalleled intellect, Darwin took his last breath in his Downe House on April 19, 1882 (Guffey). Darwin’s Survival of the Fittest Charles Darwin’s theory of survival of the fittest is one of the greatest contributions to the world of science. Variations in the behavior of the organisms gave rise

Web-based HR Company Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Web-based HR Company Analysis - Essay Example The role of human resource management has therefore changed significantly, evolving from the traditional administrative task of predominantly payroll regulation and support to a more strategic role in a company’s administration. Some of the emerging new roles include occupation development, travel administration, production scheduling. Many companies have recognized that enhanced staff morale not only generates agreeable employee relations but also translates to higher productivity to the company. The establishment of a web-based human resources strategy has proven to be an effective way of solving many of the contemporary employee problems which have habitually plagued the employee relations between the employer and staff leading to low productivity levels especially in large firms that have complex staff problems. According to Richard Hubbard a director at Watson Wyatts Worldwide, a leading global consulting firm as, â€Å"compensation and benefits continue to become more c omplicated at most companies †¦the variety of health plan choices and the number of changes in the pension arena, employees constantly hunger for more information. As a result, there’s a growing demand to put data at employees’ fingertips through Web-based tools.† (Watson-Wyatts, 1). Hawking and Stein (2003) however argue that although there has been a lot of emphasis on business to business (B2B) and business to customer (B2C) planning, there has been minimal development on the potential of business to employee (B2E).

Sentencing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Sentencing - Essay Example They lower down the judge shopping culture, by getting rid of illogical and disparate sentencing practices. The sentence for a crime should be in the hands of legislature so that they may determine the crime through sentencing guidelines making the common people more confident that the falcons (many of whom are involved in the illegal business of narcotics) will meet the harsher punishment as they deserve. The uncertain condition that the judges may narrate severe sentence or be lenient becomes out of question by the establishment of sentencing guidelines. At the same time, this approach has some shortcomings. The sentencing guidelines lead to the loss of good judgment to formulate a criminal sentence that is suitable to the individual because the guidelines inflict mathematical formulae that do not match with the human ideas. The judges instead of working mathematically go through the circumstances of the case and the individuals and then decide according to the human conditions. So , I think the judges should have more control over the sentences. The guidelines reflect political concerns while the judges are away from this.

Financial Services Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Financial Services - Essay Example In December 2010, the Basel Committee had come up with a fresh version of its latest standards for bank capital as well as liquidity obligations. This latest set of worldwide regulatory standards for banks is referred to as the Basel III. The core facets of Basel III are planned to be realised as nationwide regulation by the first half of 2013. However, while certain portions of the new Basel principles are supposed to become effectual upon execution, the others would be implemented over a phase of numerous years. The main reason for the development of the Basel III was the deficits in the financial policies of the Basel Accord II that were exposed during the worldwide financial calamity in the year 2008 (Bank for International Settlements, 2011). This paper critically examines the general approach to measuring capital adequacy levels of banks as per the new standards implemented by the Basel III. The paper subsequently discusses the drawbacks of the Basel II standards that were expo sed during the 2008 worldwide financial catastrophe and which consequently led to the development of the Basel III standards. Additionally, the paper also appraises whether the imposition of the Basel III standards for capital adequacy as well as liquidity obligations of bank will be sufficient to prevent a further financial calamity in future. Background to Basel III Various regulatory bodies have recognised that the prevalent strategies of capital regulations of the banks in the United States as well as the European Union, on the basis of the Basel I and the Basel II Accords as a major reason contributing to the 2008 financial disaster (Shearman & Sterling, 2011; Dowd & Et. Al., 2011). This can be substantiated from the fact that under the prevalent... The paper tells that various regulatory bodies have recognised that the prevalent strategies of capital regulations of the banks in the United States as well as the European Union, on the basis of the Basel I and the Basel II Accords as a major reason contributing to the 2008 financial disaster. This can be substantiated from the fact that under the prevalent capital adequacy policies prior to the financial crisis, the least regulatory capital obligations of banks were inadequate. The low capital obligations imposed on the banks as per the Basel II in addition to certain standards linked to the Basel I were deficient in the context of the elevated exposures and real tangible losses endured by the banking entities during the economic downturn. It was also stated that the quality of the capital maintained by the banks as per regulations were time and again found to be inadequate in absorbing the losses sustained by the banks during the economic crisis successfully. The capital adequacy policies set as per the standards of the Basel II along with that of the Basel I, did not sufficiently detain the risks that were caused by bank exposures to certain dealings. The transactions or dealings that increased the exposures of the banks that the regulatory standards failed to capture were securitisations, repurchase agreements and derivatives. The regulatory policies of Basel I and Basel II also failed to effectively take into account the systemic risks related to the upsurge of leverage in the fiscal and monetary system.

Judiciary Assignment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Judiciary Assignment - Essay Example However, at around midnight, turmoil broke out for a couple of minutes and literally affected those in attendance. In this case, Bradley Smith was injured severely in the bar fight. He brought a premises liability action against Del Lago and the jury realized that the resort was 51% responsible and smith had a 49% responsibility on the occurrence. The damages were estimated to be worth $2,874,000, although the trial court minimized the damages by 49% and they agreed that Smith was to be compensated $1,478,283. Bradley smith won the case and he was compensated for his loss. This was a major reason that resulted to the judge’s disagreement. In case I was the Texas Supreme Court Justice, I would conclude the risk of a criminal act that occurred in the Grandstand Bar resulted to injuries although it was not predicted. This means that Del Lago never owed any legal duty to Smith so that he would protect him fro the criminal acts of the third party. In this case, a decision was issued on 3rd March, 2010 and it involved Ronald Lee Wilson, who was accused of shooting Amos Gutierrez during the year 2006. It was noted that the case was not successful since the detective used invalid forensic reports to deceive Wilson so that he would think that his fingerprints were on the ammo clip that was found lying next o the body of Amos Gutierrez. This issue focused Wilson to admit having committee the crime, although he was not involved. However, after the appellants motion to suppress, it is evident that the police officer who had interrogated the defendant had violated the Penal Code 37.09 and he confessed to have tampered with the forensic report. In conclusion, we note that the state provides the defense of the prosecution and it was concluded that Detective Robert created the document as an interrogation technique to ensure that the report was noted as the evidence. According to the law, Wilson served half of the

Comparing and Contrasting Ideas About Education Developed by Al Essay

Comparing and Contrasting Ideas About Education Developed by Al Ghazali and Seneca - Essay Example Al Ghazali learnt and developed his philosophical knowledge in terms of Islamism. At the same time, he was inspired by ancient Greek philosophers, such as Aristotle. He was focused on the spiritual dimension of education. He developed "Manners to Be Observed by Teachers and Students'" and was focused on promotion of purity of mind and knowledge as the final and the only one goal in life, because it leads to spirituality and closeness to God. His ideas may be interpreted in the following way: both teachers and students are the servants of God, only teachers stay on one step closer to God, then their students. Teacher’s role in education plays a function of mediation between the spiritual closeness of students to God and God. It is interesting to note that spiritual dimension is the right way to learning or knowledge gaining. It is impossible to reach nothing without it. A role of a student is described as a passive character, who is allowed only to a small portion of knowledge that is enough for his small mind. There is no need for superfluous knowledge. There is an evident subordinate relation between a student and a teacher. The former should show humility and modesty. Knowledge learning happens as a step-by-step process. There is a need to devote your mind to this process in order to gain the highest knowledge. Teacher is an individual with a pure mind, who is able to select the most appropriate portions of knowledge and teach it to his students. There is a need for him to be sincere with his students and to teach them clear things. At these last two points, we can claim that AI Ghazali ideas are relevant to modern teachers and students only partially. Anyone nowadays consider knowledge as a means to develop our minds. It is a means to get a better job and to gain much money, as a rule. Nevertheless, there is a need to promote tolerant and sincere relations between the students and the teacher, only it is necessary to underline a partnership nature of this kind of relations. It can be argued that philosopher underlines the necessity of life-long learning, because modern professionals have excellent skills in one or two fields. It is impossible to be professionals in many fields. It is better to devote one’s life to only one selected occupation. Unfortunately, the contemporaries do not consider the process of education as a way to enlightenment or a way to God. With respect to Seneca’s ideas about learning, we can claim at once that his approach is more up-to-date and interesting for the modern teachers and students. Seneca follows the principle of stoicism, which underline that good life is based on reason and harmony with nature. Therefore, wisdom and virtue are the final goals of education. Wisdom even not always correlated with education, as the philosopher claims. On the one hand, Seneca underlines that virtue comes from knowledge. We develop our minds in the process of learning and make it opener for new horizo ns. Every person should study and identify his virtue through knowledge. On the other hand, there is no need to learn the integrative elements of any science, such as syllables, curves or diagrams if there is a closed mind. A free man is able to cognize liberal sciences. They are developed for him. It is not

Fashion Marketing and Promotion Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Fashion Marketing and Promotion - Essay Example As maybe part of my artistic inclinations, is my personal quest to be highly fashionable and trendy, always up to date with the latest styles in fashion and beauty. I have a watchful eye towards the latest clothing designs, keeping track of famous brands and its new clothing lines. I am as interested in creating designs as well as finding the right strategy to market it, thus my current course fits me perfectly. At the moment, I feel like I am being molded into the profession that I eventually wish to embark in. I do not only practice my creativity, but also learn the science behind it. I get to understand the marketing concepts, create marketing ideas and be in touch with every aspect that makes up a really good brand. I am geared towards brand and product management, marketing and design all at the same time. And I feel that I am ready to learn more by advancing to the next step, which is being hands on in real company, with more tasks and greater responsibilities to handle. Moving from China to London has been inevitable, yet the crossover proved to be beneficial, as I am now exposed to another culture, with relatively other ways to execute creative concepts, and a totally different perspective to look from. The new opportunities fueled my desire to pursue a career in this field. I have met new people, explored new grounds and realized many other abilities that I have. This even prompted me to look beyond my initial goals and saw a whole lot of other opportunities for me to conquer. As a Marketing student, I have moved on to find interests in media and communications as a whole. Having spent the last few years being immersed in retail operations, I now understand that it takes a good communication plan and media connections to be able to successfully market my products. Â  

Play and Game Essay Example for Free

Play and Game Essay The title of this article kind of makes it seem like I’m about to encourage you to cheat, but that’s not what I’m here to do. I’m here to tell you what you can do when it comes to poker that allows you to get ahead of the game. While some of these tips might not be necessarily applicable to online poker, for poker where you are sitting around a table, these tips can tip the scales into your favor. Know the People If you find yourself at a table somewhere where you don’t know the other players, take a little time to know the tendencies of each player. One might only bet big if he has a good hand, one might be very hesitant no matter what card he has and the other might flick his hair when he is lying. Every single person at that table has a ‘tell’ for when they have something good or for when they are bluffing, especially in Poker, when you are all trying to beat each other. Take some time, get to know the people at the table and even get them talking. It could create a way in which you can win more money, just from being able to read the other players. Be conscious of your own tells If you have the chance, play a friendly game of Poker and have a friend watch you as you play. Have them after the game tell them what you are doing in the way of body movement depending on the hand you are on. It’s extremely important to know what you do, and be able to stop it. Especially if you know you touch your face when you might be able to use this to your advantage in ways I don’t even want to explain. While these two tips don’t work online, they can change the balance in your favor during an offline game of poker. Just Give Up If it is not your night, if you have been fighting with your significant other, just don’t play. Whether offline or online you might feel the urge to do so, but try to resist. While it might act as your stress reliever; your mind will not focus on the game and in a game where your money is on the line, this is a serious issue. From here you have to make sure to change any habit that you think is costing you money, whether that is staying up until 3 in the morning to play and feeling fatigued while playing or not drinking enough water. If you feel you aren’t in peak Physical condition, don’t bother playing. It’ll end up being a waste of time and money. Know the Rules; Know the Hands. In Poker, the best hand is a four of a kind and an ace combination. That is the best possible hand (figuratively) but the probability of getting it is very low. Know this when you go into a game and you will see your play improve dramatically. Know what you can have and what your opponents can have. Use probability and their reactions to make sure that if you are going into a hand that you can win, but going into a hand that is a calculated risk and has a chance of winning is better than hoping for the best. Just watch your play and keep everything in mind. Poker is as much a game of outwitting your opponent as staying mentally sharp yourself. You have to know what to do and when to do it. You have to make sure you are watching your own play as well as others. You have to know when to ‘hold’em’ and when to ‘fold’em’ Author Bio: Jeremy Henderson is an expert in all forms of poker and this is possibly because he is so passionate about the game. His expertise has helped him win at a number of tournaments and in turn he has made a comfortable living playing the game. He is also a voracious reader and an avid writer.

The Art Of Seduction And Notting Hill Film Studies Essay

The Art Of Seduction And Notting Hill Film Studies Essay The film The Art of Seduction is one of the well-known Korean romantic comedy films and was made in 2004 by Ki-Hwan Oh who is one of famous and influential film makers in Korea and also made Someone Behind You (2007) and Ogamdo(2009) . It is a film version of a book called The Art of Seduction and it is said to be everyones must-see film in order to understand the reality of relationships between men and women in todays lives. There are two protagonists in this movie is Ji-Won (Ye-Jin Son, a South Korean actress who got the best actress awards more than ten times in Korean Film Festivals and now one of top ten Korean stars), a fiercely pretty girl who always has had any guys that she wants. The other is Min-Jun (Il-Gook Song, one of popular Korean actors, who is the son of a Korean actress and a member of Korean parliament Kim-Eul Dong), a successful architect, and attractive young gentleman. Both of them have their own rules for 100% success in any dates. Ji-Won follows her own dating rules, she makes a fake car accident to get Min-Juns attention and approaches him successfully. However, although both are very attracted to each other at first sight, they start a game which seduces each other using their own rules. What intrigues Ji-Won is that Min-Jun does not act the same as guys who always fall for her charm. Min-Jun also thinks Ji-Won is the perfect match and ideal type of woman for him but never shows his true feelings. They are both veteran players in the game of love but finally they fall in love with each other. It is interesting to see that the movie does not end with the two protagonists becoming boyfriend or girlfriend, they appreciate each others expertness and go for a new game of love. Notting Hill overview Notting Hill is a British romantic film which was produced by Roger Michell who also directed Changing Lanes (2002) and The Mother (2003) in 1999. William Thacker (played by Hugh Grant) is a bookseller in Notting Hill district in West London and shares his house with his Welsh friend, Spike (Rhys Ifans). Every mans dream comes true when Anna Scott (played by Julia Roberts), the worlds most famous and beautiful American actress who is in London working on a film, enters his travel bookshop. She buys one book from William and their relationship would end here if William did not go out for another cup of orange juice a few minutes later. He bumps in to her and spills orange juice over her top. William offers to clean up at his place which is very nearby and Anna agrees since he looks harmless. Anna thanks William and gives him a kiss, which surprises her even more than him. They eventually get to know each other better but they find it difficult to be together as Anna is the worlds well-known star. They get on fairly well with each other just before her American actor boyfriend flies to London to see her. Anna, one day, comes to William for help, she is upset because of harsh press and needs calm and comfort. Once again, being together with someone who is the worlds most wanted is definitely not easy. Williams close friends arrange dates for him, helping him to forget about Anna Scott and move on. After months, Anna visits his travel bookshop with little gift, asking to love her again but William replies to her with an answer no. He thinks what he said to her was the right answer and tells his friends who are shocked to hear the story and tell him to get her back before it is too late. William and his friends run into where Anna is having the last interview in London before she flies back to America. William pretends to be a journalist and asks her ques tions about their relationship and whether she will forgive him and give another chance for their love. Anna says yes with a big happy smile and the movie ends with their successful romance. Textual Analysis Both films The Art of Seduction and Notting hill are made in contemporary background and the two films are set in urban area. However, when looking at the main male and female characters in these films, there are some differences in character settings except the fact that male characters are heterosexual. Min-Jun, the male protagonist, is a successful architect in his 30s and he seems to have grown up in a high social family. It is shown by his father being a playboy and having many young women around him all the time not because of his charm but his money. Min-Jun in the film is described as handsome, rich, smart and fashionable. The main female character, Ji-Won, is also a successful fund manager and her character is what Korean womens image is all about, she is portrayed as independent, assertive and perfect face and body. The main male character in Notting Hill, William Thacker, is a divorced middle-aged bookseller in West London. He is portrayed as normal, little boring and incapable and he does not belong to high social class. Anna Scott, the female protagonist in the film, is one of the top actresses in the world, portrayed as rich, attractive and every mans dream. There are differences in constructing masculinity between the two films and the next section will look at different aspects of masculinity other than the character settings. Physique As Min-Jun appears to be rich, attractive and smart, he cares a lot about his clothes and fashion accessories which women used to care more than men in the past. It is called Metro sexual which was born in Europe with increasing male diversity and Min-Jun is also one of metro sexual men who is interested in fashion and invest money and time for himself. (à ­Ã¢â€ž ¢Ã‚ ©Ãƒ ¬Ã‚ Ã‹Å"à ªÃ‚ ±Ã‚ ´Ã‚ ·Ãƒ ¬Ã‹Å" ¤Ãƒ ­Ã¢â‚¬ Ã‚ ¼Ãƒ ¬Ã…  Ã‚ ¤Ãƒ ¬- Ãƒ ¬Ã‚ Ã‚ ´Ãƒ ¬Ã‚ ¹Ã‹Å" à «Ã…’â‚ ¬Ãƒ ­Ã¢â‚¬ËœÃ…“à ¬Ã‚ Ã‚ ´Ãƒ ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬, à ­Ã¢â‚¬ ¢Ã…“à ªÃ‚ ²Ã‚ ½Ãƒ «Ã‚ ¹Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ãƒ ¬Ã¢â€š ¬Ãƒ «Ã¢â‚¬ ¹Ã‹â€ Ãƒ ¬Ã…  Ã‚ ¤, www.kbizweek.com: 20 feb 2010) He goes for gentle, sophisticated and chic style of clothing and the suits he wears are mostly from DolceGabanna, Givenchy and Yohji Yamamoto. What is more, when women are obsessed with bags and believe that which brand or how much their bag costs shows the standard of living and lifestyle, men believe nice watches and shoes make them feel confident. Min-Jun also sells his precious watch, which costs over  ¿Ã‚ ¡3500 by Gio Monaco, in return for a fabulous night with Ji-Won. Not only has he cared about outfits, but he is also enthusiastic about his lifestyle and appearance. Min-Jun is confident about his looking but when he was asked to attend charity evening, specifically called Slave date auction, by Ji-Won, he determined to get fit by taking lots of exercise at gym. His aim to get a masculine body is successful and he waits to appeal his masculinity to Ji-Won but suddenly loses his confidence as soon as he finds out other participants with more masculine bodybuilder body. Since the beginning of 2000, a variety of mens types have positioned them as they are and it has become their competitive differentiations. (à ­Ã¢â€ž ¢Ã‚ ©Ãƒ ¬Ã‚ Ã‹Å"à ªÃ‚ ±Ã‚ ´Ã‚ ·Ãƒ ¬Ã‹Å" ¤Ãƒ ­Ã¢â‚¬ Ã‚ ¼Ãƒ ¬Ã…  Ã‚ ¤Ãƒ ¬- Ãƒ ¬Ã‚ Ã‚ ´Ãƒ ¬Ã‚ ¹Ã‹Å" à «Ã…’â‚ ¬Ãƒ ­Ã¢â‚¬ËœÃ…“à ¬Ã‚ Ã‚ ´Ãƒ ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬, à ­Ã¢â‚¬ ¢Ã…“à ªÃ‚ ²Ã‚ ½Ãƒ «Ã‚ ¹Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ãƒ ¬Ã¢â€š ¬Ãƒ «Ã¢â‚¬ ¹Ã‹â€ Ãƒ ¬Ã…  Ã‚ ¤, www.kbizweek.com: 20 feb 2010) His enthusiasm about appearance applies to female counterpart. Plastic surgery is very popular among women in Korea and men looking for perfect-looking, which includes big eyes, small face and skinny body, can be one of the reasons why women get this surgery done. Sometimes men judge women by their appearances more than personalities and it is shown by Min-Jun thinking Ji-Won can be a perfect match for him a minute after looking at her outfits and appearance. Additionally, Min-Jun is looked as a sexual object by women. The film The Art of Seduction starts with him seducing a female psychiatrist by unbuttoning his shirt slowly and at the same time appealing his sexuality to her. Ji-Won, like Min-Jun, is assertive about her appearance. She attracts attention from many guys with her exceptional prettiness and her occupation as a successful private banker is a plus element in consisting of her charm. Unlike the male protagonist, Ji-Won tends to wear clothes in conservative style, but still shows her S-shaped body line. William in Notting Hill is rather very ordinary type of a British man who usually goes for classic and casual style of clothes, which perhaps match his occupation as a bookseller. Not only William does not take regular exercise to get fit, but also he does not seem to care too much about his appearance or his outfits and it is shown by a scene where he goes out to the cinema with Anna Scott. He looks for his glasses all over his house and realises he is likely to be late, he decides to take another option, swim-goggles. It looks funny that he wears swim-goggles while watching a movie but also shows that he prioritises practicality rather than obsession in styling. What is more, he seems lack of self-confidence and it is probably due to his social status compared to Anna and previous marriage failure which should have changed his lifestyle a lot. William is portrayed as heart broken and fragile and it definitely is opposed to Min-Jun who is always confident about himself. However, Anna, a big world star, slowly attracted by William who could have been just a guy who sold her a travel book while she was in London. Anna even has a boyfriend back in America and she has much higher standard of living compared to Williams. She is portrayed as independent and perfect looking to the public but no one except William truly understands her feelings or emotions. Although William is not what we call manly type of guy or an assertive and smart guy, he instead has true heart and naÃÆ' ¯ve personality which may be another important element to become a real man. Personality There are clear differences in which the two main characters behave and treat their female counterparts. Firstly, what Min-Jun does is all studied beforehand. His aims are to seduce and win over the woman who he thinks is the perfect match for him, though not necessarily as his girlfriend. Therefore, he does not show his true feelings about her at the beginning and pretend he has not set up anything in his mind. In fact, the main male character is a type of true carers and it is shown by many scenes in the film. For instance, he says to Ji-Won Yesterday, you were so out of wits so I have asked the doctor to take care of you. It was surprising for her because she crashed into his car and he should have been the one who needed to see if he were hurt. What is more, all of Min-Jun and Ji-Wons credits cards suspended by jealous Do-Chul who has loved Ji-Won for a long time and always gets rejected by her. They decide to stay in a Motel and Ji-Won starts complaining about its condition and dirtiness. Min-Jun lies to her that he will go to restroom and he goes out to a pawnshop to sell his expensive watch to get money for dinner and hotel room. Since he has much self-respect, he never says he feels ill all after running in the rain so many times at night in order to satisfy Ji-Won. He actually is a carer and nurturer but does not show his genuine personality to win her. This contradictory personality is what Korean women these days, especially younger generation prefers than nice and good guys. Though macho man has been the most classic and representative masculinity, macho man in 2009 is far from its perceptions that he is patriarchal and male superior but he is sexually attractive and what we call a real great man (à ­Ã¢â€ž ¢Ã‚ ©Ãƒ ¬Ã‚ Ã‹Å"à ªÃ‚ ±Ã‚ ´Ã‚ ·Ãƒ ¬Ã‹Å" ¤Ãƒ ­Ã¢â‚¬ Ã‚ ¼Ãƒ ¬Ã…  Ã‚ ¤Ãƒ ¬- Ãƒ ¬Ã‚ Ã‚ ´Ãƒ ¬Ã‚ ¹Ã‹Å" à «Ã…’â‚ ¬Ãƒ ­Ã¢â‚¬ËœÃ…“à ¬Ã‚ Ã‚ ´Ãƒ ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬, à ­Ã¢â‚¬ ¢Ã…“à ªÃ‚ ²Ã‚ ½Ãƒ «Ã‚ ¹Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ãƒ ¬Ã¢â€š ¬Ãƒ «Ã¢â‚¬ ¹Ã‹â€ Ãƒ ¬Ã…  Ã‚ ¤, www.kbizweek.com: 20 feb 2010) Limiting expression their feelings and one step forward and two steps back date rule makes guys attractive. What the male character does impresses women as they do not expect a lot in the beginning. Min-Jun is gentle and smart and can be a bad boy to those women who he thinks do not deserve him at all. It applies the same to the female character in the film The Art of Seduction. Men usually act more bravely than women and Ji-Won is portrayed as the god of innocence which most of Korean women would become when dating with men. When there is a date for dinner, she hardly eats and says I am full already. She never shows her true feelings to Min-Jun because she strongly believes herself that she will lose out as soon as he senses that she likes him. How she behaves and talks to whom she likes is one of the typical characteristics of Korean women although it has been changing slowly by younger generation who respects honesty and are braver when dating with men. William Thacker, on the other hand, has the characteristics which are opposed to Min-Jun. He is nice, gentle and truthful although these can be seen as quite unattractive and boring to some women. William and Annas relationship begins when he offers to clean her clothes at his place and he continues to offer drinks and food to her. Everything he does to her is not studied at all but it might be due to the fact that Anna is a famous world star who is an unrealistic woman for him. What is more, even when she confesses him saying Im just a girl, standing in front of a boy, asking him to love her, he could not have believed his ears. Women in Korea used to fall for nice and truthful guys and their preference changed to more bad boy type of men. It does not mean Williams character was not popular among them when the movie came out; his English gentleness is special and it is what they have not seen in Korean men. William, at first, was scared of showing his true feelings to Anna but as their relationship grows he is no longer shy and becomes more brave. He goes out with Anna for dinner and hears people talking and laughing about her rumours and gossips. Since they are having dinner in public place, he tries to ignore them but becomes intolerable. He asks them to stop talking about her because he wants to protect her from getting hurt by a bunch of stupid people. The main male character appears to be nice, shy and sometimes dull, he is still a man who is not scared of protecting a woman and shows he does care about her. Anna Scott, the female counterpart of William, is more assertive about her and has much self-respect than him. She is tired of too much attention in her private life and relationship she has had in the past. However, she is, unlike Ji-Won in The Art of Seduction, not afraid of showing her feelings and an enthusiastic attitude to her male counterpart. Anna is brave enough to tell William that she loves him whereas Ji-Won waits for Min-Jun to say it first. Gender Roles There have been stereotypes of gender roles in our society, especially in Korea, men are still conservative about what they do or women do at home. Young students are conservative in their views on gender roles, often copycatting their fathers viewpoint and they stuck to the patriarchal system. (Kwon Mee-yoo, Staff Reporter, www.koreatimes.co.kr 20 feb 2010) Min-Jun breaks the conventional gender roles by showing domestic side of him such as his exceptional cooking skills to Ji-Won. What is more, he feels more attracted to independent career women such as his ex-girlfriend, a psychiatrist, rather than those who become financially dependant on their boyfriends because they have no intellectual ability. He is not embarrassed to show Ji-Won that he is interested in cooking or making tea at home. On the other hand, even though both of them have similar standard of living, he always want to look powerful and strong to her. As a man, he protects Ji-Won while they are in Jeju Island, trying to satisfy everything she needs or wants by whatever the methods he can do. The female counterpart represents an ideal woman in our modern society, being confident and enjoying a decent lifestyle. Though there still exists the ethnic stereotype, the percentage of working women has been increasing in Korea, especially as a consequence of more and more parents letting their children study aboard. This phenomenon is to break the traditional gender roles, especially of women and give them an opportunity to become independent and intellectual so that they can realise their career in the future. Gender roles are slightly different when it comes to William and Anna; it is less conventional and conservative. He is still a man protecting his love from agony and distress by letting her stay at his house even after she let him down. Shelter and protection that he offers show his male dominance. It is certainly differentiated from being patriarchal; it is a facet of a great man. Nevertheless, she is more in control of their relationship and acts in a way that she wants. It is due to a difference in their social status and of course William thinks it is surreal for him to meet such a beautiful world actress. Men are usually more brave when they approach to women who they are interested in but he is rather afraid and gets more emotional than her. Despite Annas dominance in relationship, she also shows feminine side of her such as making breakfast for him. In England their county has had a Queen that has political influence. The election and repeated re-election of Margaret Thatcher as prime mister show Englands desire to have people in leadership role according to ability and not gender. (Trey Hill, http://ruby.fgcu.edu/courses/10251/e08hill.htm 20 feb 2010) It means that people in England do accept women can also be in powerful position. Masculinity Index by Geert Hofstede It is one of Cultural Dimensions by Hofstede, looking at the degree to which masculine values like competitiveness and the acquisition of wealth are valued over feminine values like relationship building and quality of life. (http://www.kwintessential.co.uk/intercultural/masculinity.html, 22 feb 2010) It indicates the distribution of gender roles in a society and it can be masculinity versus femininity. (Geert Hofstede, http://www.geert-hofstede.com, 22 feb 2010) Korea MAS=39 (Feminine) .  In life the main priorities are the family, relationships and quality of life .  Conflicts should ideally be solved through negotiation .  Men and women should share equal positions in society .  Professionals work to live, meaning longer vacations and flexible working hours UK MAS=66 (Masculine) .  Lifes priorities are achievement, wealth and expansion .  It is acceptable to settle conflicts through aggressive means .  Women and men have different roles in society .  professionals often live to work, meaning longer work hours and short vacations http://www.kbizweek.com/cp/view.asp?vol_no=702art_no=31sec_cd=1037 date accessed: 20 feb 2010 http://www.koreatimes.co.kr/www/news/nation/2009/11/117_55813.html date accessed: 20 feb 2010 http://ruby.fgcu.edu/courses/10251/e08hill.htm date accessed: 20 feb 2010 http://www.geert-hofstede.com Geert Hofstede date accessed: http://www.kwintessential.co.uk/intercultural/masculinity.html 22 feb 2010

Total Quality Management Information Technology Essay

Total Quality Management Information Technology Essay Indeed to focusing for why use six sigma. There are many great benefits of using six sigma in any business, but only we can truly determine wither it is right for our or not. The answer, it is a fact-based data driven statistical analysis of how business operates and where improvements can be made if executed properly. (Assistant, 2009) Thomas Pyzdek in his six sigma handbook mentioned a real story that began when Japanese firm took over a Motorola factory that manufactured Quasar television sets in USA in the 1970s, they promptly set about making drastic changes in the way the factory operated. Under Japanese management, the factory was soon producing TV sets with 1/20th as many defects as they had produced under Motorolas management. They did this using the same workforce, technology, and designs and did it while lowering costs, making it clear that the problem was Motorolas management. It took a while but, eventually, even Motorolas own executives finally admitted (Pyzdek, page 04, 2003) For more, Six Sigma is a tool to improve the effectiveness and quality of the process outputs in order to deliver customer satisfaction by recognizing and eliminating the causes of defects and drive down the inefficiency by minimizing variability in business processes. The six-sigma level reflects a process in which 99.99966% of the process is free of defects, in other words, no more than four dissatisfied customer experiences in every one million opportunities. Compared to a one-sigma process in which only 31% is free of defects, with the meaning of hundreds of thousands of dissatisfied customer experiences in every one million opportunities. As an example, one misspelled word in a library is considered six sigma, where as having one misspelled words in a cyclopedia is considered a five sigma, and 2 misspelled words in each page of a book is considered a 3 sigma. As you can see the main reason is to increase profitability with improve customer value and increase the business efficiency. Works Cited Assistant, b. S. (2009, 9 18). Retrieved 11 16, 2010, from Six Sigma Online: http://www.sixsigmaonline.org/six-sigma-training-certification-information/articles/six-sigma-trainingwhy-use-it.html Montgomery, D. C. (2005). Introduction to Statistical Quality Control. Wiley. Pearson, J. M. (2003, January 1). Manage your customers perception of quality. Pyzdek, T. (2003). The Six Sigma Handbook. Mc Graw- Hill trade. Evaluate the concept of Total Quality management from the perspective of various organizations. Discuss the tools and techniques of Total Quality Management for service organization in detail Total Quality Management (TQM) it is the enhancement to the traditional way of doing business. It is a proven technique to guarantee survival in world class competition. Only by changing the actions of management will the culture and actions of an entire organization be transformed. Total Made up of the whole Quality Degree of excellence o product or service. Management Act, art, or manner of handling, controlling, directing etc. TMQ is the art of managing the whole to achieve excellence. It is the set of guiding principles that represent the foundation of a continuously improving organization and application of qualitative methods and human resources to improve all the processes within organization and exceeds needs now and in the future. Its integrated fundamental management techniques, existing improvement efforts, and technical tools under a disciplined approach. Total quality management has six basic concepts: Management must participate in the quality program. A quality council must be established to develop a clear vision, set long-term goals, and direct the program. Quality goals are included in the business plan. An annual quality improvement program is established and involves input from the entire work force. Managers Focus on the customer. An excellent place to start is by satisfying internal customers. We must listen to the voice of the customer and emphasize design quality and defect prevention. All personnel must be trained in TQM, statistical process control, and other appropriate quality improvement skills, so they can effectively participate on project teams. Including internal customers and, for the matter, internal supplier on project team is an excellent approach. Those affected by the plan must be involved in its development and implementation. Changing behavior is the goal. People must come to work not only to do their jobs, but also to think about how to improve their jobs, people must be empowered at the lowest possible level to perform processes in an optimum level. There must be a continual striving to improve all business and production process. Quality improvement projects, such as on-time delivery, order entry efficiency, billing error rate, customer satisfaction, cycle time, scrap reduction, and supplier management are good places to begin. Technical techniques such as statistical process control, benchmarking, quality function development, ISO 9000, and designed experiments are excellent for problem solving. Works Cited Montgomery, D. C. (2005). Introduction to Statistical Quality Control. Wiley. Pearson, J. M. (2003, January 1). Manage your customers perception of quality. Pyzdek, T. (2003). The Six Sigma Handbook. Mc Graw- Hill trade. What is ISO 9000 standers? ISO 9000 standards are principles that the International Organization for Standardization or ISO, maintains. According to ISO9000Council, businesses that follow the standards successfully have an ISO 9000 QMT (quality management system). Function: The article We Need More Standards Like ISO 9000 describes ISO 9000 as a group of standards that companies implement to enhance performance in real life scenarios. Although many industries use ISO 9000 now, the standards were originally created for businesses that manufacture or design products. Features: ISO states the individual ISO 9000 standards outline practices needed to establish and maintain quality management. Covered issues include continual improvement, costs and benefits, leadership, quality assurance, quality system principles and risks. History: We Need More Standards like ISO 9000 reports that ISO 9000 originated from the British Standards Institute Technical Committees attempts to produce generic guidelines for quality manufacturing in 1979. ISO formalized the principles in 1987 by publishing ISO 9000, which is currently the organizations most implemented standard. Benefits: ISO 9000 helps companies determine exactly how to achieve quality in various areas, and enhance sales and relationships with consumers when they obtain ISO certification. Considerations: ISO 9000 Council states participating companies must create detailed ISO 9000 documentation explaining how the company applies the standards within the organization. Works Cited American Society for Quality: ISO 9000 and Other Standards Association for Computing Machinery: We Need More Standards Like ISO 9000 International Organization for Standardization: ISO 9000 Essentials ISO9000Council What are the seven basic quality tools? Stem-and-leaf plot or histogram: is the most commonly used graph to show frequency distributions. It looks very much like a bar chart, but there are important differences between them. Check sheet: is a structured, prepared from for collecting and analyzing data, so it will be used when data can be observed and collected repeatedly by the same person or at the same location. In this method decision should be taken what event or problem should be observed then operational definitions should be developed, and at what time data should be collected and for how long should be decided. Finally designing the form will be done. Set it up so that data can be recorded simply by making check marks. Pareto chart: is a bar graph. The lengths for the bars represent frequency or cost (time or money), and arranged with longest bars on the left and the shortest to the right. Cause-and-effect diagram: is a formal tool frequently useful in unlayering potential problem cases. It can be used to structure a brainstorming session. It immediately sorts ideas into useful categories. It can be used when identifying possible causes for a problem and also when a teams thinking tends to fall into ruts. Defect concentration diagram: is a picture of the unit, showing all relevant views. Then the various types of defects are down on the picture, and the diagram is analyzed to determine whether the location of the defects on the unit conveys any useful information about the potential causes of the defects. Scatter diagram: is a useful plot for identifying a potential relationship between two variables. If the variables are controlled, the points will fall along a line or curve. The better the correlation, the tighter the points will hug the line. Control chart: is a graph used to study how a process changes over time. Data are plotted in time order. A control chart always has a central line for the average, an upper line for the upper control limit and a lower line for the lower control limit. These lines are determined from historical data. By comparing current data to these lines, you can draw conclusions about whether the process variation is consistent (in control) or is unpredictable (out of control, affected by special causes of variation). Works Cited Montgomery, D. C. (2005). Introduction to Statistical Quality Control. Wiley. Pyzdek, T. (2003). The Six Sigma Handbook. Mc Graw- Hill trade. Explain the position of leadership in Total Quality Management. Discuss the characteristics of an effective leader regarding ensuring the quality of daily-use products in the current economic circumstances. The definition of the Leadership that who instills purposes, not one who controls by brute force. A leader strengthens and inspires the followers to accomplish shared goals. Leaders shape the organizations values, promote the organizations vales. An organizations senior leaders should set directions and create a customer focus, clear and visible values, and high expectations. The directions, values, and expectations should balance the needs of all your stakeholders. Leaders should ensure the creations of strategies, systems and methods for achieving excellence, stimulating innovation and building knowledge and capabilities. The values and strategies should help guide all activities and knowledge and capabilities. The values and strategies should help guide all activities and decisions of your organization. Senior leaders should inspire and motivate your entire workforce and should encourage all employees to contribute, to develop and learn to be innovative and to be creative. These are the following Characteristics of Quality Leaders They give priority attention to external and internal customers and their needs. Leaders place themselves in the customers choose and service their needs from that perspective. They continually evaluate the customers changing requirements. Leaders empower rather than control, subordinate they have the trust and confidence in the performance of their subordinates. They provide the resources, training and work environment to help subordinates to do their jobs. However the decision to accept responsibility lies within individual. They emphasize improvement rather than maintenance they use the phrase If it isnt perfect, improve it rather than If it isnt broke, dont fix it. There is always room for improvement, even if the improvement is small. Major breakthrough sometimes happen but its the little ones that keep the continuous process improvement on a positive track. They emphasize prevention. An ounce of prevention is a worth a pound of cure is certainly true. It is also true that perfection can be the enemy of creativity. We cant always wait until we have created the perfect process or product. There must be balance between preventing problems and developing better, but not perfect process. They encourage collaboration rather than competition. When functional areas, departments, or works groups are in competition, they may find suitable ways of working against each other or withholding information. Instead, there must be collaboration among and within units. They train and coach, rather than direct and supervise. Leaders know that the development of the human resource is a necessary. As coaches, they help their subordinates learn to do better job. They learn from problems. When a problem exists it is treated as an opportunity rather than something to be minimized or covered up. what caused it? and how can we prevent it in the future? are the questions quality leaders ask. They continually try to improve communication. Leaders continually disseminate information about the TQM efforts. They continually demonstrate their commitment to quality. They choose suppliers on the basis of quality, not price. Works Cited Assistant, b. S. (2009, 9 18). Retrieved 11 16, 2010, from Six Sigma Online: http://www.sixsigmaonline.org/six-sigma-training-certification-information/articles/six-sigma-trainingwhy-use-it.html Montgomery, D. C. (2005). Introduction to Statistical Quality Control. Wiley. Pyzdek, T. (2003). The Six Sigma Handbook. Mc Graw- Hill trade. Explain the customers perception regarding quality. Discuss the measures to be taken by a manufacturing organization to handle customer complaints to provide feedback for continuous process improvement. The basic concept of the TQM attitude is continuous process of improvement. This concept implies that there is no acceptable quality level because the customers needs values and expectation are constantly changing and becoming more demanding. By the way, customers have following perception regarding quality; Performance, Features, Service, Warranty, Price, and Reputation. The first of all is the performance, its involved fitness for use a phrase that indicates that the product and service is ready for the customers use at the time if sale. Other considerations are: Availability which is the probability that a product will operate when needed. Reliability is freedom from failure over time. Maintainability is the ease in keeping and operating product. The second is the features, identifiable features or attributes of a product or service are psychological time oriented contractual ethical and technological. Features are secondary characteristics of the product or service. For example the primary function of an automobile is transportation whereas a car stereo system is a feature of an automobile. The third is the service, an emphasis on customer service is emerging as a method for organizations to give the customer added value. However, customer service is an intangible-it is made up of many small things. All geared to changing the customers perception. Intangible characteristics are those traits that are not quantifiable, yet contribute greatly to customer satisfaction, providing excellent customers service is different from the more difficult to achieve than excellent product quality. Organizations that emphasize service never stop looking for and finding ways to serve their customers better, even if their customers are not complaining. The forth is the warranty, the product represents an organizations public promise of a quality product backed up by a guarantee of customer satisfactions. A warranty forces the organization has to focus on the characteristics of product and service quality and the importance the customer attaches to each of those characteristics. The sixth is the price, customers are willing to pay higher price to obtain value. Costumers are constantly evaluating one organizations products and services against those of its competitors to determine who provides the greatest value. The seventh is the reputation, most of us find ourselves rating organizations by our overall experience with them. Total customer satisfaction is based on the entire experience with the organization not just the product. Good experiences are repeated to six people and bad experiences are repeated to 15 people therefore it is more difficult to create a favorable reputation. (Pearson, 2003) Works Cited Montgomery, D. C. (2005). Introduction to Statistical Quality Control. Wiley. Pearson, J. M. (2003 , January 1). Manage your customers perception of quality. Suppose a product manager is trying to establish regulations concerning the maximum number of boxes that can occupy a forklift. It is given that the total weight of 8 boxes chosen at random follows a normal distribution with a mean of 820 kg and a standard deviation of 140 kg. What is the probability that the total weight of 8 boxes exceeds 880 kg? Look at z score table for probability is 0.66640 The data shown here are and R values for 24 samples of size n=5 taken from a process producing bearings. The measurements are made on the inside diameter of the bearing, with only the last three decimals recorded (i.e., 34.5 should be 0.50345) (5-1. Page248) Set up and R charts on this process seem to be in statistical control? If necessary, revise the trial control limits. If specifications on this diameter are 0.5030 Â ± 0.0010, find the percentage of nonconforming bearings produced by this process. Assume that diameter is normally distributed. From Table VI at n=5 , , Chart: The process is not in statistical control; x bar chart is beyond the UCL for both No. 12 and 15. Assuming an assignable cause is found for these two out-of-control points, the two samples can be excluded from the control limit calculations. R Chart Works Cited Montgomery, D. C. (2005). Introduction to Statistical Quality Control. Wiley.(pg.248) What is Kanban system? And what are the different types of Kanban system? The system that is used to achieve Just-in-Time (JIT) production is called Kanban system (Richards). This system is based on the part of pulling just the right amount of components or materials needed at the right time. It depends on the part of the customer demand which in turn acts as a reactive process from the supplier. As the word Kanban in Japanese means visible record or visible part, the mechanism used is a Kanban card which acts as a means of signal to replenish the materials or inventory repetitively within the organization (Bali, 2003). The Principle of the Kanban is to follow the pull system where until the customer sends the signal for the demand, the product will not be produced. Two main types of Kanban cards widely used are: Withdrawal (Conveyance) Kanban: This system enables to pass on the authorization to move the materials from stage to the other. It creates a cycle by moving the parts from stage to the next and keeps the remaining until the last one is consumed and this withdrawal Kanban goes back again to get the parts. The withdrawal card is specified with details such as material number, name, size, name or location of the next process and number of the materials needed. Production-ordering Kanban The Production Kanban is used to provide an order to the previous stage indicating to produce the kind and number of parts required. The production-ordering Kanban is often called an in-process Kanban or simply a production Kanban (Richards). The following information is necessary on the production Kanban card such as what materials are required, parts required and the information on the withdrawal card. The withdrawal card does not have this information as it is used only as a mean of communication between stages (Kanban Systems,). Some of the other cards are: Supplier Kanban/Subcontractor Kanban: When parts are needed by the assembly line, this Kanban is used to indicate orders given to outside suppliers (Just-in-Time/Kanban,). Here the parts required are in assembled form. Emergency Kanban: If any occurrence of defective work, then this Kanban card is temporarily inserted to correct it in case of demand. It is used only for extraordinary purposes and is later collected after usage. Through Kanban: When adjacent work centers are close to each other this Kanban is used as it combines both the withdrawal and production into one. Works Cited Bali, B. (2003). Kanban systems the Sterling Engine Manufacturing Cell. Baudin, M. (2001). Whats Unique about Kanban system? . What is the acceptance sampling problem, and what is advantages and disadvantages of sampling? According to chapter one in textbook acceptance sampling is concerned with inspection and decision making regarding products, one of the oldest aspects of quality assurance. Advantage of Acceptance Sampling: Less Expensive because of less inspection. Less handling of product hence that reduced damage. Applicable to destructive testing. Fewer personnel are involved in inspection activities. Greatly reduces the amount of inspection error. The rejection of entire lots as opposed to the simple return of defectives often provides a stronger motivation to the supplier for quality improvements. Disadvantage of Acceptance Sampling: Risks are there accepting bad lots and rejecting Good lots. Less information is usually generated about the product or about the process that manufactured the product. Requires the planning and documentation of the procedure in which 100% of inspection cannot be done.