Sociology Poverty and Stratification - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 3 Words: 791 Downloads: 7 Date added: 2017/09/17 Category Sociology Essay Type Argumentative essay Did you like this example? Living with a poverty level income is a difficulty facing many people around the world; poverty is a cultural universal, or trait found in every known culture – not an expression of individual differences. The most basic explanation for this is the trend towards social stratification, the system by which society organizes itself into a hierarchy. In some cultures this is manifest in the form of a caste system in which people who are in poverty have little to no chance of escaping it. In the United States the system is more in the form of a class system in which there is at least some degree of social mobility, and less status consistency allows people in poverty to have the possibility of changing their social status, but rarely the opportunity to do so. In the majority cases the most desirable situation is a meritocracy which ranks people based solely on personal achievements, or achieved status, rather than ascribed status such as being born into a ‘poorâ₠¬â„¢ family. Structural social mobility has resulted in a shift of social position for large numbers of people due to changes on a societal level, but these changes have had both upward and downward effects. The Davis-Moore thesis explains that social stratification has beneficial consequences in society, and is therefore functional, but this has been widely criticized due to its implications that society should prevent the development of individual talent. The resulting system of blue collar occupations versus white collar occupations is easily observed in society today. Around the world a wide variety of people are in poverty. This may be a result of many factors such as a traditional, agrarian society with low income; or a severely stratified economic system as a result of high population growth and little opportunity for education or access to technology. The feminization of poverty also plays a key role in the explanation of poverty worldwide, since there is an increasing trend for more women to be in poverty than men. In the U. S. there are many of the same reason for poverty, but they are more easily defined on the local level. In most cases U. S. citizens who are in poverty are in relative poverty in relation to the rest of the U. S. population; whereas in the world as a whole a greater number of people are in absolute poverty and are barely able to survive on their income, or wages and earnings, and they have very little to no wealth since it is impossible to save any of their money. Ethnocentrism makes it difficult to obtain a clear picture of the conditions of poverty and inequality in other nations and cultures. There are many theories concerning the causes and solution for poverty in the global economy. The two major theories are the modernization theory which explains inequality in terms of technological and cultural difference between nations, and the dependency theory which explains poverty in terms of the historical exploitation of poor, or low-income, nations by rich, or high-income, nations. This theory has manifest itself in a new way in today’s world in the form of neocolonialism; economic exploitation by multinational corporations. Race and ethnicity is key factor to poverty in the U. S. since an African-American is three times more likely to be in poverty than a non-Hispanic white. People with different ethnic backgrounds may experience alienation, or discrimination as a result of their differences with the people around them. Blaming the victim is a common explanation for poverty, but it doesn’t stand up to scrutiny since there are countless factors not all of which can be controlled by the victim or anyone. Gender stratification is another cause of poverty in the U. S. This social structure makes it difficult for a woman especially a single mother to both have a job and to raise children due to the preferential treatment of men in our society, or patriarchy and sexism. This double standard is often explained by the sociobiological argument that men are stronger than women due to natural selection. Age may also play a role in creating poverty. Ageism has made it very difficult for the elderly to advance in society. Young people assume that the elderly are either completely dependent or independent and they rarely will offer reasonable assistance for the elderly. The U. S. and other countries provide aid for those in poverty but rarely have structures in place to prevent people from reaching a state of poverty. Examples of such are shelters, soup kitchens, free clinics and government programs such as TANF or food stamps. In many cases these forms of aid are too temporary or not extensive enough to permanently pull a person or family out of poverty. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Sociology: Poverty and Stratification" essay for you Create order

The Social, Legal And Ethical Issues Surrounding Video...

Bully, also known as Canis Canem Edit (2006), is an open-world action adventure video game published by Rockstar Games. It was originally released on the Playstation 2 in 2006 but was later released onto the Xbox 360, Wii and PC in 2008 under the title Bully: Scholarship Edition. The game was the centre of a lot of controversy during release as it is focussed around a schoolboy named Jimmy Hopkins who is enrolled at Bullworth Academy; a school filled with bullies and corrupt teachers. Though the game was labelled as a disgrace by newspapers such as the Daily Mail and banned in countries such as Brazil, upon closer inspection, one may argue that serious social issues are tackled within the game, and many of the game’s issues are conveyed hyperbolically. The research in this report aims to look at the social, legal and ethical issues surrounding video games using Bully as an example in order to draw conclusions into the positive and negative implications. Bully is the subject of this report due to the large amount of controversy that surrounded the game, especially during its initial release. The game contains violence, bullying, theft as well as other anti-social behaviour. Though the game’s title may be misleading, the storyline of the game focuses around standing up against bullies, and many of the issues within the game are non-fictional real world issues that many young people experience. Furthermore, the game only received a BBFC rating of 15, which critiques claimedShow MoreRelatedShould Arg Designers Go For Ensure The Safety Of Body And Mind Of Their Players?1299 Words   |  6 Pagesthe limits? How far should ARG designers go to ensure the safety of body and mind of their players? What are the responsible limits of immersion? To what extent do these responsibilities lay with the player themselves? Consider the implications surrounding the Batman franchise in the context of the Why So Serious ARG. 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While the ethics behind anonymity can be foggy, multiple ethical frameworks, including duty-based and just-consequentialism, can be used to add clarity to the topic. A duty-based framework stresses the role of duty and respect for persons, including one’s self. While a just-consequentialism stressed the promotionRead MoreProfessional, Ethical, And Legal Issues For Software Engineer1961 Words   |  8 PagesCyber-bullying Report By: Fareeda Almutairi Professional, ethical, and legal issues for software engineer CPSC 548 Department of Computer Science College of engineering and computer science California State University, Fullerton Instructor name: Michael D Falkow Spring 2015 Abstract: Bullying is a negative practice used to control, intimidate, and hurt the feelings of others. In the past few decades, there was only one type of bullying, which was called â€Å"traditionalRead MoreNext Generation Children : Smarter Or Faster Essay2046 Words   |  9 Pagesexperiments, such as ones performed by Allison Druin and Michael Scarify, have been targeted at the effects computers have on children. For many people, the basic definition of socialization would be the adoption of the behavior patterns around the surrounding culture. Many experiments have been targeted at the effects computers have on children’s socialization skills. For example, one of the various questions that have arisen is if the lack of physicality in the virtual world is an aid to a Childs self-expressionRead MoreEthical and Social Issues in Information Systems20165 Words   |  81 PagesChapter 4 Ethical and Social Issues in Information Systems LEARNING OBJECTIVES After reading this chapter, you will be able to: 1. Analyze the relationships among ethical, social, and political issues that are raised by information systems. 2. Identify the main moral dimensions of an information society and specific principles for conduct that can be used to guide ethical decisions. 3. Evaluate the impact of contemporary information systems and the Internet on the protection of individualRead MoreDrone Program Research Paper4283 Words   |  18 Pagescounterterrorism strategy, or has it just become the strategy entirely? Do the security effects of drone programs justify the political and social consequences [2]. As this robotics technology advances, these ethical, legal and security issues have created a major divide on the topic of drone technology. II. Ethical Issues As robotics and technology get more and more advanced, ethical concerns about these technologies become more and more pressing.   With the increased usage of drones, by both the United States

Legislative Requirements of Teaching in Your Specialist Area free essay sample

Working as a Financial Capability tutor my personal and work values are led by the ethos for Citizens Advice Bureau, my employer; here we value diversity, promote equality and challenge discrimination; our aims and principles set out to both provide the advice people need for the problems they face and improve the policies and practices that affect people’s lives. There are many legislative requirements (laws), and codes of practice (directives and professional ethics) that need to be considered in a learning environment. My organisation has its own policies and proceedures that are applicable to the particular environment; these underpin the legislation to act according to the law as defined in an Act of Parliament and usually enforceable through the courts. My interpretation of ones that will effect me as a teacher are given here. The Health and Safely at Work Act (1974) Everyone has a responsibility for their own safety at work and also a duty to protect the safety and welfare of others, this effects every single organisation. Even if the learners are adults there are still rules and regulations that must be adhered to; As a teacher I need to be fully aware of these rules and ensure that any learners I teach are too. I should always make the class aware of the nearest fire exists and advise of who the fist-aiders are within the building. I must always follow best practise and to lead by example. Risk Assessments are also the responsibility of the teacher in order to establish practices that minimise risk and record any high risk activities. I need to analyse any potential risks when instructing activities within the class. It is my responsibility to assess any risk levels prior to commencement of any tasks in order to minimise the risks. If there are any accidents or incidents, I must also keep a record of these. There are then the legislations that are drawn from the Human Rights Act 2000. Disability Discrimination Act (1995 and 2005) Equality Act 2010 Teachers must respect these laws have been passed to ensure that no one is discriminated against irrespective of any disability (physical or mental) they may have or their gender, age, religion, ethnicity, sexual orientation or marital status/domestic circumstances. For the teacher this means ensuring language, handouts and other learning materials are free from bias; and that inappropriate comments are challenged within the classroom. The environment and all support structures should enable access and include facilities to meet all learners’ needs. . I must ensure that any activities I set are suitable for all learners to participate and must not make any learner feel excluded by their disability. Also when advertising courses and delivering learning, a teacher should not stereotype or in any way disadvantage a group of learners. I would also be using Safeguarding of Vulnerable Adults training when working with my students. Data Protection Act 1998 The DPA requires any organisation that holds sensitive data on anyone for over two months to register as data users. As a teacher, I need to be cautious of how I store my learners personal or sensitive information. I should never share someone’s personal or sensitive information with any other person. Freedom of information act 2000 As an amendment to the Data Protection act the freedom of information act makes provision for the disclosure of information held by public authorities or by persons providing services for them. I should be aware of what my students can request to see when I hold information on them. There are also three other pieces that I would consider in my role The Further Education and Training act 2007, for its requirements on the LSC and on further education institutions to have regard to guidance in relation to consultation with learners, potential learners and employers. And the codes of practice issued by; NIACE regarding Safer Practice and Safer Learning; these help the student to focus on their rights and responsibilities when participating in the lifelong learning sector. They address issues such as harm, abuse and personal safety when taking part in any kind of learning, outlining things that could be wrong, and giving students contact details if they feel that they need to report any wrong doing, without needing access to the teacher. Also the Institute for Learning Code of Practice for Teachers 2008 Code of Professional Practice, which seeks to protect learners and the public interest and will apply to all members of the Institute for Learning . The codes purpose is to promote, value and develop the professionalism of all learning and skills practitioners. The Code outlines the behaviours expected of members – for the benefit of learners, employers, the profession and the wider community. The code lists seven behaviours for members to uphold; Professional Integrity, Respect, Reasonable Care, Professional Practice, Criminal Offence Disclosure, Responsibility during Institute Investigations, Responsibility to the Institute. These will all have an affect on what happens both in and out of my classroom and must be at the forefront of every lesson and lesson plan for a teacher. They will be used in tutor/student contracting and in appeals and complaints policies, and so it is important that I keep up to date with these legislations and codes of practice and part of my responsibility is to make sure that they are being adhered to and that I know what procedure to follow if this is not the case.

The Gift of the Magi and its Background Essay Example

The Gift of the Magi and its Background Essay In my paper I am traveling to be depicting the short narrative The Gift of the Magi. Throughout my paper I am traveling to depict what I feel is the subject of the narrative itself. I will besides be explicating and placing symbolism used and described in the narrative. every bit good as speaking about the point of position that the storyteller used in the narrative. Finally. I will be depicting how the literary elements affect the storytellers subject. The Gift of the Magi. is a short narrative written by O Henry. in this short narrative is the true significance of love and the importance it is to demo your loved 1s how much they mean to you and how much you care about them. I believe that the subject of the narrative. The Gift of the Magi. would be the gift of giving. Peoples frequently forget about the importance and giving and merely concentrate their attending on having. They are less likely to worry more about buying something for person else as they are disquieted about what person else is traveling to buy and give to them as a present. My expression on this is it is better to give than to have. In this narrative it is like how I feel and how I think around Christmas clip they do non believe about what their hubby or their married woman is traveling to be buying them as gifts this twelvemonth. They are merely focused on and concerned about purchasing each other the gift they believe is the perfect gift. We will write a custom essay sample on The Gift of the Magi and its Background specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The Gift of the Magi and its Background specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The Gift of the Magi and its Background specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer They want to demo them how much they care about them. and even if it means turning in their prized ownerships they will make that in order to buy this gift for Christmas. It shows how difficult of a clip financially that Jim and Della were holding. Della merely had $ 1. 87 to her name to be able to buy her hubby Jim the gift she wanted to for Christmas and this was non traveling to go on. She knew that she was traveling to hold to sell her hair to be able to buy her hubby Jim’s ticker that she wanted to acquire him for Christmas. They. however. larn a batch about the nature of love and its relationship to giving. ( Clugston. 2010 p. 5. 5 ) . I believe that throughout the narrative there was a batch of symbolism that was used. Just to call a twosome that I feel is really of import portion of the narrative would be Della’s hair. and Jim’s ticker. These are really of import to each other and would be considered their most prized ownerships. I feel like they both use their ain point to typify love. They took it upon themselves to sell their prized ownerships in order to be able to buy the gift for each other for Christmas. They had to sell these in order to hold adequate money and to be able to financially buy the perfect gif they had found each other. This shows the existent love they had for each other. and besides shows unselfish love. The point of position this short narrative was told in was third-person limited omniscient. This point of position is used when the ideas and feelings throughout the narrative is focused on one of the characters alternatively of more than one. After reading. The Gift of the Magi. I think that the storyteller uses assorted literary elements to assist the reader better understand what the subject of the narrative is truly about. I believe that Della and Jim shows what love. generousness. and philistinism is truly approximately during this narrative. The author’s chief character he created was of beauty and emotion. Della appears to be really altruistic in the short narrative. She is non concerned about herself. but merely concerned about her hubby. I believe that the writer goes into really good item about the feelings and emotions of Della and Jim in the narrative so it will assist people who are reading it to be able to associate better to the narrative. When reading the narrative I could see times that I personally have difficult it difficult and it made me to be able to associate to the feelings that she was holding. I believe that the literary elements were used a batch during the narrative to truly merely give the reader a better understand of what they are reading. It is easier for a reader to be able to concentrate. focal point. and bask the narrative if they can associate to it. Mention Clugston. R. W. ( 2010 ) . Journey into Literature. San Diego. California: Bridgepoint Education. Inc.