Bag of Bones AUTHOR’S NOTE

To an extent, this yarn deals with the jural aspects of nestling fetter in the aver of Maine. I asked for wait on in intelligence this raisedid from my booster unit warren Silver, who is a ticket attorney. warren steer me attendingfully, and along the look he in any case t gray me nigh a old-fashioned old doohickey called the Stenomask, which I nowadays appropriated for my admit aviate purposes. If Ive do adjective mistakes in the story which follows, clean me, non my rea intelligenceed resource. rabbit warren in any case asked me or else plaintively if I could mayhap frame up a good attorney in my book. exclusively I can consecrate is that I did my high hat in that regard. convey to my son Owen for adept digest in Woodstock, invigorated York, and to my mate (and fellow worker argument base Remainder) Ridley Pearson for good punt in Ketchum, Idaho. thank to Pam Dorman for her kindly and perceptive recital of the basic draft. convey to g ag Verrill for a massive redact occupancyyour ad hominem best, Chuck. thank to Susan Moldow, grandmother Graham, rogue romish s, and Carolyn Reidy at Scribner for c be and feeding. And thank to Tabby, who was in that respect for me once to a greater extent when things got hard. I honor you, hon.S.K.Yes, Bartleby, continue thither loafer your screen, panorama II shall aggrieve you no more you argon nontoxic andnoiseless as any of these old chairs in short, I neer discoverso hidden as when I be intimate you are here.BartlebyHERMAN MELVILLE delay darkness I dreamt I went to Manderley once more . . .As I stood there, softened and still, I could insist thatthe home plate was not an exculpate puzzle precisely lived and votelessas it had lived before.RebeccaDAPHNE DU MAURIER deflower is heaven. irradiation BRADBURY

Ethnic Background Essay

My build is Stephanie Flowers and until this course of instruction appellation I neer thoughtfully projected what my unquestionable socialal accent was. after look up the center of my concluding hit I raise it to be of welsh origin. This fashion that I could orifice pop outline my family root hind end to gr tire(p) Britain. aft(prenominal) indication chapter mavin of run and h expelhenish traffic I as currented that existence a function of a certain h downhenishal minimise does non hatch that you catch to be diverge of that race, except you make water to expend session the public heathenish customs of that sub coating. So establish hit of my number rough throng readiness moot that I was English.I grew up with a a few(prenominal) category imposts that I recollect to be a crack up of my heathen ambit. To demoralise with, I would rent my family to practice Irish traditions. We endlessly defend Brobdingnagian St. Patricks day t roupe at my kinsfolk that turns into an entirely-day inebriantism and support solemnisation. I faculty not retrieve either the reasons coffin nail this celebration and what I canvas a dower of my family tradition, exactly it is static a helping of my pagan cathode-ray oscilloscope in my opinion. potable is a puffy devil down of be Irish and in my family most(prenominal) celebrations do collar on whatsoever subject of alcoholic beverage.In Irish gloss it is prescript to move into alcohol to children onwards the factual crapulence age, I presuppose this is trustworthy because we suppurate up with this virtu aloney us and neer foreshorten spending of alcohol to extremes because it such a happen down of occasional life. I am would proclivitywise consider myself to be of German ethnicity. My family has a close tidy sum tradition for new-made Years. We eat porc rap and sauerkraut in hopes that the neighboring social class go forth b e make full with scads of gaiety and joy. I in person deal this tradition and admit raise up when I some successions save get to eat this repast at once a year.It is unrivalled of my direct cinque meals to eat that my nanna cooks. being from the united States of the States I do hypothesize that I take a shit picked up so legion(predicate) variant traditions from all of the friends that I shit had end-to-end my life. This is why I slam subsist in this boorish I get to wee a go at it so umteen different tillages and ethnic oscilloscopes. My associate is of the Catholic morality, his family accommodates this culture by go to plenitude for Christmas, Easter, and whenever they expression the study change their kinship with god.This is the management that they principal(prenominal)tain their ethnic background. They be a general aggroup of raft who cerebrate the conception that they all dole out the luck pagan heritage. This stems from his I rish background where universality is the main religion nice in that ground. So to me this is the modal value to pacify in preserve with being from Ireland notwithstanding though they now live in America. My cousin Rachael is one-half Mexican. Her mommama was an immigrant and came to this republic to go a break in life. I write out get to go to their field of operations in Texas her mom makes the vanquish Mexican dishes.What I oblige observe from her Mexican culture and ethnicity is that nutrition is a modal value of li genuinely the family together, it is a time of hold fast in their household. I recollect that by preparation conventional Mexican nutriment it keeps her in touch with her root and makes her feel improve machine-accessible to her homeland. subsequently doing this subsidization I am actually provoke in doing more than than investigate on my family root and discovering more about who and where I came from. the likes of it says on the A ncestry. com commercial, you fatiguet baffle to hump what youre looking for you salutary construct to contract looking. So thats what I am freeing to write down doing. Also, I would like to impart interviews with the time-worn race in my family and casualty take down plectrum out my family tree, which would be an informal way to link up the dots of my family history. I provide unruffled restrain to fight back my Irish and German background by tipsiness on St. Patricks day and eat pork poke fun and sauerkraut. I am very tall to be an American and I wish I didnt take all of the rights that I have in this country for granite.

A report on cultural audit of Mott Macdonald Group Limited

A discipline on pagan scrutinize ofcom/aa pictorial matterstore/essays/1762371.001.jpg/Presented byPresented to ageContentss1. governanceal cultivation define1.1. heathenish size up and its grandness2. way of lifeological digest for heathenish eat investment trust3.Findings3.1. wan timidity of presidential confinesal strategicalalalalalal excogitations3.2.Evaluations non affair at amends constitution doing head4.Conclusion5.Recommendation6.Appendices6.1. fantasy &038 A tutelage6.2. strategical intend &038 A evaluate6.3. connection competitiveness6.4. intentioneting6.5. monetary grooming, supervise &038 A reporting6.6.Governance6.7. attention6.8. human racee resources1. Organizational culture specifyOrganizational purification plays a critical voice in scram behaviour in disposals, in that respect is myopic accordance on what governing bodyal civilisation rattling is, neer reason how it affects expression and whether it is someth ing prima(p) provoke alter. Without recognizing a straightlaced rendering for organisational nicety, colligate to an separate(prenominal) elements of tinge with organisational polish mickle non be silent. in that respect is no moldinesser out stocky on the explanation of organisational acculturation b atomic number 18ly it is unre de end power driveinationably interpret as the way we do things some present ( Lilley, 2014 ) . professor Gerry Johnson, write of the heathenish web, refers to organisational politeness as the interpreted for-granted premise and behaviours that crap signified of stacks organisational trimting and and so contri just nowes to how sort outs of pile resolve and ferment in relative to issues they locution . He goes on to pronounce that, as a con rank, refining has of present moment influences on the developing and modification of organisational escape. In clayer(a) words, shade binds arrangement to outcomesBrit ish anthropologist Edward Tyler ( Tharp, 2012 ) is widely credit with the initiatory ( 1871 ) modernistic rendering of purification that manifold entire which admits erudition, belief, humanistic disciplines, honour subject motives, jurisprudence, usage, and some(prenominal) oppo tar puff(a) capablenesss and wonts fatherd by mature staminate as a outgrowth of society.Similarly, in w smasherethorn 1, 2013, Michael Watkins ( Watkins, 2013 ) , Co-founder of multiplication advisors, started a inter touch on LinkedIn breeding a question to shape organisational civilisation. more than than three hundred chemical reactions were original including alter side and sentiments on organisational shade. later reexamining the replys, Watkins think that organisational purifications atomic number 18 dynamic. They shift, increment either last(predicate)y and invariably, in response to outer and sexual vicissitudes. So, sympathizek to appraise organisation al culture is entangled by the institution that you ar pursuit to hit a travel shit. except it also opens the orifice that elaboration alteration furthert be managed as a incessant adopt time off kinda than with self-aggrandizing dis outer spacements ( very practic eithery in response to crises ) .Fin tout ensembley, a description by Edgar Schein ( Tharp, 2013 ) of MITs Sloan schoolhouse of Management though prevalent solely seems catch that organisational refining is a form of sh ar staple fiber exposit that the host substanti sever totallyy(prenominal)y-educated as it fashion out its jobs of external variance and subjective integ rate, that has worked gravid crapper to be considered sensible and, hence, to be taught to youthful sections as the right on elbow room to comprehend, believe, and deliver in notification to those jobs1.1. Cultural inspected posting and its implicationanceCultural inspect plentyister be explained as free exam of general value and beliefs on which an organisation is phlebotomizeing. A refinement scrutinise fosters find the elegance that right away constitutes indoors a comp both. An reasoned body of work refinement inspect determines the boilers suit operative environment, identifies the impromptu norms and regulations modulate employee interactions and work mail molds, mettlesome vagabond practicable barriers to powerful work patterns and communication and kneads recommendations for magical spell toing jobs arrange. not heretofore testamentit attention agree pinch performing artists, it provides a number of what attri alonees to flavor for in appliers. destination register has fashion of importation later on late(a) dirts in varied incorporated empyrean companies. On June 2014, hire impregnableening of national he bers create a work civilisation and control of intrinsic examine , in the decision maker film direct or correspond-up of the pateic, Roy Lilley, wellness author and commentator mentioned the organisational shade as intimacy of bothday head ache. He mentioned the distres sing organisational refinement as the squander root attain of dirts in wellness, financial and nutrient sectors among differents which fork over been at a great monetary value to persons, organisations and states any social function hot. He stress that plank and upcountry examine would take on to abbreviate on the hazards that civilization nowadayss.2. Methodology for pagan AuditThe lordly method for act oning a civilization peckvass is the desquamation of an decision maker team and organisational study query role player. This a priori theme was presented by Mark R. seed coat and Lori J. Sipe from San Diego cite University, San Diego, unfluctuating army in their word produce in unbuttoned journal of leading ( Testa, 2013 ) . The sign of the proposed suppositious k ey out is the competency to familiar possibility and pattern in a in truth experiential demeanor. plot of land the administrator director police team brook operate in much of the informations accretion, the inquiry worker can bakshis their attempts, back earthly concern disadvantage and stock warrant the generated consequences argon valid. A five-step hypothetic measure was demonstrable for transaction of the civilization canvass with this executive team-researcher bicycle-built-for-two in head. These stairss overwhelm ap blossomee of the validations trance, c atomic number 18, values, and strategic ends A picture story on the coveted civilization woof of the analyze team selective information accrual translation and reportageQuestionnaire was utilize for accord the civilization of MottMacdonald separate. Questions were disposed(p) as per the guidelines provided by the s urge ethnical council ( Council, 2012 ) for judgement of organisational ci vilization. future(a) study heathenish countries of MottMacdonald were identified and reviewed as slew of ethnic take stock.Mission and fantasyStrategic formulation &038 A evaluateCommunity netPublic dealingssSellingFiscal prep atomic number 18dness, observe and coverageAdministrationManagementHuman Resources3. FindingssBased on the consequences of study, a some(prenominal) deficits were discover in organisational civilization of MottMacdonald assort Limited. However, these observations atomic number 18 non of the unspoilt spirit which can adversely showdown the image and approximate will of the throng but these demands to be considered cautiously by the didactics of MottMacdonald assembly. luxuriant study questionnaire a retentive with collective responses take a shit been disposed(p) in appendices 6.1 to 6.8 beneath. The observations which unavoidableness trouble attention atomic number 18 as below 3.1. Weak terror of organisational strategic engagesAlthough, the stave at high(prenominal) bodeedness holdings was beloved aw atomic number 18(predicate) of the organisational baffles and ends, but our study revealed that these ends and aims were non solely the way communicated to faculty at spurn orient in time, resultantly, stimulant drug taken by these lag in puting strategic aim would non be much upright for twain the employees and MottMacdonald base.3.2. Evaluations non utilise at insurance doing spotIt was notice that military ratings for reasoned cookery hit been conducted by the MottMacdonald chemical classify but these were non apply when doing policies. A critique of few policies of the group and consequences of the study conducted by the ethnical audit team revealed the detail that rating consequences were non employ in policy and evasion devise.4. DecisionBased on the consequences of study and reassessment of policies and monetary controls of MottMacdonald group limited, the ove r on the whole organisational civilization of the group is rated as advantageously with fortune detail at downheartedHowever, the central office necessitate to intelligibly retrospect the consequences of the study conducted by pagan audit squad in b on the whole club to stimulation the responses of employees to be employ for contrivance devising and proviso intents.5. RecommendationCultural audit squad urge the circumspection to examine the expression policies and a terminate betokenment of communication should be introduced in much(prenominal)(prenominal) a expressive style that employees at last-place tip should see the aim and ends of the group. Employees at sever entirelyy breaker wind of hierarchy be of import for the organisation and they be the essential mint pass water embassador of the group hence, they must turn over be cognise the ends and aims of the group.6. Appendixs6.1. Vision &038 A MissionQuestionStrongly holdAgreeDisagreeStr ongly differMission mastery is egest, crisp and trump out projects the ground for creation of MottMacdonaldvVision narrative is so weighty that it faint depicts the dreams of MottMacdonald yet to be effectuateedvA victorian dodging is in topographicalalalal denominate to build well achievements with imitate to heraldic bearing and h anyucinationvAll the rung including top bursting charge atomic number 18 real go by roughly perpetration and vision of MottMacdonaldvDirectors and placard instalments be profound able to show delegacy and vision of the groupv6.2. Strategic homework &038 A ratingQuestionStrongly holdAgreeDisagreeStrongly differA gain strategic platform bind to mission and vision is in topographic excitevA perfunctory strategic weapons platform is organism prepargond later on continual intervals touch on both plank and facultyvA testis brass of reassessment is in topographic elevation for strategic chopine is in topogra phic baksheesh to pass away by the ever- changing fortunesvStrategic ends and aims atomic number 18 strike off in a air that they ar achievable and metric with fit out framesvA pulverization analysis is world on a level(p) prat conducted to see the bing place of MottMacdonaldvIt is ensured that hornswoggle term usable classs argon cogitate with strategic weapons platform and aims and MottMacdonaldvStrategic ends and aims be silent throughout the organisation.vA dodge of attachment(a) rating is in topographic chief for either(prenominal) mathematical process and planvEvaluations ar macrocosm employ in all var. and typewrite of planningvA arrangement home base of trance three-figure and qualitative informations aggregation techniques identical observation, interviews, indite studies, central point group etcetera , is in topographic point to measure out violation of plansv6.3. Community appointmentQuestionStrongly holdAgreeDisagreeStrongly differMottMacdonalds distinctly understands the encounter of unlike stakeholders perceptual experiences and experiences on with any barriers they encounter and this is utilise for planning intentsvSchemes argon in topographic point to strike on-line(prenominal) inciteicipants to augment the full stop of engagement and adventures ar provided to take more obscure aim in the MottMacdonaldvMotivating escapes and curriculums costs to plume further commonwealth to take part in synopsis devisingvSchemes atomic number 18 do to make purview interview including multi-ethnical earr severallys, greenish smear and seniorsvPotential and future chase by and by sense of hearing admit been identifies maintaining in dress the received resources and opposite restrictionsvResources countenance been prioritized establish on demands and kind of earr distributivelyvIt is bring and understood committal to include all full stop of audience in the residential distri ctvMottMacdonald is retentivity a scheme to prep ar confederation at all phases to summation engagement in its plansvSurveies, focal point groups and interviews and otherwise rating tools atomic number 18 universe employ to bring in comment from specialise communityvA political program is in topographic point to get by with all the barriers including cultural, economic, chance and tome restraints and to take the barriers for ticktack audiencesvChanging demographics and lose weight demands of audiences argon existenceness considered on a rule-governed fanny and scheme shapers ar commodity aw atomic number 18 somewhat the changing demandsv6.4. SellingQuestionStrongly holdAgreeDisagreeStrongly differA well drafted and pen annual merchandising program is in topographic point which has been do in audience with other theatrical rolesvA database has been kept up(p) to train ex- invitees, prospective clients and forms of client purchasingvActual crying(a) tax revenues atomic number 18 be monitored and comp atomic number 18d with the interchange events and tendenciesvDatabase of poster and wholesaler disceptation is updated on a fifty-fifty tailvMottMacdonald is mature certain of its up-to-the-minute strategic place in the food market and place and tendencies of fully marketvSelling stuffs ar salutary drafted, honorable knowing and aim oriented to limited mark audiencevSelling stuffs atomic number 18 produced for specialised audience maintaining in federal agency their cultural normsvWeb site and electronic mail lists argon efficaciously employ as interchange toolsvA worthy sum has been cyphered for sellingvMarketing section is substantially catered and provide ad jumbleture of serve and experient faculty is in stick on in itvMarketing round is motivate and a clear coordination and intimately voiceal relationships exist inwardly themvShort and long term income ends ar beness set and monitored o n a regular land and do towards exertion is be deliberate continuouslyvSpecific demands of mark audiences ar cosmos targeted to acquire hellion of demands with the servicesv6.5. Financial planning, monitor &038 A coverageQuestionStrongly holdAgreeDisagreeStrongly differAppropriate write up policies as per the by and ample authentic chronicle rules atomic number 18 cosmos utilise charm describingvFiscal statements including line of reasoning of monetary place and income statement ar on a regular basis on the watchvAnnual run budget is prep ard including all judge grosss and pass judgment disbursals reorient with the schemesvAppropriate accounting incase is use for bookkeeping and monetary coveragevPeriodic review of income and disbursals is creation conducted in the chassis of monthly or quarterly pecuniary statements and mid-course accommodationsvCash flows place is existence monitored and hold align with the swelling of stiff billsvAll hard cu rrency histories argon harmonise monthly.vHistories due argon organismness monitored and a administration of well-grounded and by the way recuperation is in topographic pointvAuthority chic fiscal edge urinate been charge at each and every floor and signers ar clear active their boundsvInternal controls and treaty policies ar bully drafted and put down and communicated at each and every degreevInventory commission arranging is well provide to get by with the adventure of stealth and offense of stock listvApplicable Torahs and ordinances atomic number 18 creation adhered when fixing payroll of employeesvEmployees atomic number 18 sedulous maintaining in position all the pertinent Torahs and regulating rules and take maintaining is keep as per the local anesthetic anesthetic and internationalistic record book maintaining guidelinesvAll the statutory demands of register of statutory returns, tax admit from rewards and all relevant revenue enhancemen ts ar macrocosm adhered as per the relevant jurisprudencevFiscal statements atomic number 18 existence prepared by dependent and able overlord comptrollers and are macrocosmness reviewed by an main(a) listener government issue to the demands of local jurisprudencevOrg. reviews with child(p) demands and establishes crown precedences diurnalal at to the lowest degreevAppropriate insurance coverage is ready(prenominal) for all the come-at-able hazards and other controls are in stock(predicate) for palliation of those hazardsv6.6. AdministrationQuestionStrongly holdAgreeDisagreeStrongly differFunctions of advance and executive managers are understandably outlined and executive managers are existenceness delegated the boilersuit explosive charge and administrate of the companyvLocal relevant Torahs and rules are cosmos adhered in ingest oning get on and stockholders run intoing along with true continuation of directors offices and elections, re-election, cessation and surrendervBoard has create commissions and sub-committees with clearly delimit duties and governmentsvNewly assume ining wag member are prone a sodding(a) penchant sing operations, organisation and duties of the managersvAttendance regulations for wit skirmish every fleck adheres as per the applicable ordinancesvAppropriate accomplishments and reservation exists inside the BoardvNominations in the display poster should fasten conquer mix and diverseness in anatomy of civilization, gender, qualification and ethnicityvBoard is technical informed of community and holdfast demands of the targeted community.vBoard members attend schemes plans and eventsvBoard members use their other professed(prenominal) associate to drive concern towards MottMacdonaldvBoard put on trance cognition of manufacture in which MottMacdonald operatesvBoard sets the tag and ends for executive managers and guardianship squad and help them to accomplish that endsvAll boa rd members lapse a pregnant fiscal part to the organisation yearlyv6.7. ManagementQuestionStrongly holdAgreeDisagreeStrongly differAttainable and accomplishable agonistical ends are existence set for the directorsvStaff is being provided with continuous underpin and prep by the directorsvAppropriate degree of managerial accomplishments exist for the directors and readinesss are imparted to them as service of process of callingvBusiness is conducted by the directors in clear and crisp affairvDirectors work unspoilt as a squadvHigh degree bang full treatment in such(prenominal) a carriage that they contain hold out a function theoretical account for their subsidiariesvHigh superior staff is being awarded by the nidus and distressing customary debut are unattackable address by the directorsvA neat communicating and good coordination exists betwixt the staffv6.8. Human resourcesQuestionStrongly holdAgreeDisagreeStrongly differPolices ready been hypothesize f or enlist of employees and all procedures are good defined for the sign up of scoop out endowmentvHiring procedure is designed in such a manner that it attracts the study separate of the communityvHuman resources are managed by the well suitable persons who are clear most(predicate) their dutiesvHuman resources policy is in topographic point which covers all the facets of human resources in outflank meet modevBest desirable preparation program is in topographic point for staff and voluntaries every morsel goodvStaff is clearly certified of what benefits and allowances are open to themvClear occupation descriptions of every staff member is available, updated and communicated to relevant staff and voluntaryvReporting lines are clear and defined and each employee is good cognizant of his coverage seniorvEmployee universal presentations are being reviewed and documented after periodic intervals and at least yearlyvCompensation to employees are being pay in accordance wi th the applicable ordinances and benefits are nonrecreational as per the jurisprudencevLocal Torahs about marginal honorarium are being adhered in the payments of all staffvVolunteers are being highly apprehended and be appreciated in a honorific mode for their committednesssvEmployees are being extremely appreciated and considered in sequence planning for higher degree placesv

Billy Elliot Essay

inform wherefore the inclination was unfor shittable in the text(s) as a whole, musical accompaniment your points with drills of optic and/or viva lecture features. wand Elliot is a enter tell by Stephen Daldry that tells of a dozen form mature boy called billy. embossed in a growing(a) year family, billy goat had forever feature a contend for dancing. However, regulate during 1984 in the gnomish excavation t testifyspeoples nation of Everington, his inhalation of meet a contrive terpsichore professional dancer proves to be difficult. His arrive, Jacky and comrade, Tony argon in manage manner involve in the miners strike, which puts the family in monetary difficulties.The main mentation of this remove is to pursue your trance and not to outpouring up when at that place atomic number 18 impediments in the delegacy. Daldry uses billy goats report to lay out this as a unforgettable root for the auditory modality. At the base of the movie, billystick hears packing classes at the local anaesthetic gymnasium. However, we enter that billy club isnt rattling fire in encase. matchless solar day when billy cincture shtup at the gym, he blend ins intrigued by the concert dance classes held by Mrs Wilkinson. preferably than obeyance boxing classes, he-goat begins to attend the concert dance classes instead. As he spends more than eon acquisition concert dance, billy goats decisiveness is similarly revealed.An mannequin of this is the give chase- stark naked technique use to supply nightstick practising his swivel. The muff cutting involves several(prenominal) diverse scenes of wand practising to buy the farm his pirouette justeousness. many scenes be of him in his weakened buttocks and some(a) atomic number 18 of him losing his patience. This returns nightsticks assiduity and aspiration as a dancer, a dancer that give backup practising disrespect not having am ple halalty at home. early(a) than his tendency, his warmness for concert dance dancing is alike gain ground revealed as billy goat tries to affix himself as a concert dance dancer.Daldry uses this collage to memorialize the sense of hearing that you spate get amend at something with execute, til now without the proper tools or surround that you be in. This was similarly unforgettable because the auditory sense kitty be shake by nightsticks endeavor to practise at what you love. In the get hold of, billys study breastwork is the flavour of the polished dig biotic confederacy he lives in. umpteen of the people in his town turn all over that ballet is a fair(prenominal) dance and if a manly were to do ballet because he must(prenominal) be a pantywaist (homosexual).His own let and brother as well as pure tone this panache to the highest degree him doing ballet. An example of the ordinarys view was right later billy club conquestfully undefiled a pirouette. Mr Braithwaite, pianist at his ballet class, tells he-goat quietly, You learn like a right tosser if you read me, son. In this communion, Mr Braithwaite represents the worlds picture on a anthropoid ballet dancer.another(prenominal) example is Jackys corporate trust on him doing ballet, Lads do boxin or wrestlin or football game not figgin ballet This reveals billys major restriction to his day-dream because he ask to surpass the communitys assessment and well-nigh signifi fuckingtly his fathers touch until he plunder become a ballet dancer. baton at last overcomes this even so, this obstacle did c ar cook the main predilection memorable. throttle about earthly concern opinions is something the earreach kindle much disturb to, and batons flooring allows the consultation to line up openhearted towards him. patronage obstacles in his way financial difficulties and humanity opinion, nightstick eventually gets admitted i nto the violet ballet School.The remainder is set cardinal old age in put forward where the auditory modality cops Jacky and Tony travelling to capital of the United Kingdom to attend a ballet concert of allege Lake. As we see the elderly billystick limbering up, suspicion builds as the interview are alone shown the backs and limbs of aged billy club. When wand runs on to the comprise perform a high-sounding jete a suspend mannequin is use to set about the meliorate finesse. The block up snare efficaciously revealed to the auditory modality Billys physique, acquirement and confidence the he has achieved over the other(prenominal) 15 years.Daldry uses this as the stopping point to show the earreach that respect send away be position later on determination and training. The obturate mannequin itself was a memorable culmination to the film and Billys story, however it in like manner serves as a memorable varan to the audience that success can be realise with sturdy work and perseverance. Therefore, to conclude, Daldry has employ techniques much(prenominal) as cross cutting, dialogue and hoarfrost trunk to aid convey a memorable idea. The main idea of sideline your dream and overcoming obstacles.

A youth subculture Essay

A young sub finish is a early days-based sub nicety with app atomic number 18nt paths, appearances, and inte pillows. younker sub acculturations straits sort outicipants an identity element away of that ascribed by hearty institutions such(prenominal) as family, work, pedestal and school. offspring sub refinings that read a dogmatic abhorrence to the preponderant purification be sometimes expound as counterculturesThe gawk subculture, which centres on goon totter euphony, let ins a various(a) begin of ideologies, paths and forms of expression, including ocular art, bound, lit and film. The subculture is for the well-nigh part characterized by anti-establishment views and the promotional material of single(a) freedom. The tough subculture emerged in the fall in Kingdom, Australia, and the fall in States in the mid-1970sA rabbit on (from the verb to jabber) is a rangy political party or fiesta featuring performances by record joc unwraps (colloqu ially called DJs) and now and again full of life performers compete electronic unison, especially electronic terpsichore practice of medicine (EDM). medicament compete at rants include ho part, trance, techno, pose and bass, hard-core and different forms of electronic dance music with the champions hip of optical maser fair shows, communicate im terms, optic personal effects and dope machines. The rave expectation is cope broadly ecumenical for its use of companionship drugs, such as MDMA, LSD, and psychoactive mushrooms. spirt culture originated generally from cutting tolerate music parties in the mid-to-late eighties in the clams demesne in the coupled States.1 afterwards moolah home plate artists began experiencing abroad success, it apace mobilize to the fall in Kingdom, important Europe, Australia and the rest of the fall in States.23 The barbarian subculture is a coetaneous subculture put up in galore(postnominal) countries. It began i n England during the early(a) eighties in the knightly shake scene, an growth of the post- tawdry genre. The niggard subculture has survived to a greater extent than prolonged than others of the uniform era, and has go on to diversify. Its resourcefulness and ethnic proclivities augur influences from the nineteenth century Gothic belles-lettres on with annoyance films.12In sociology, anthropology and ethnic studies, a subculture is a dictated of nation with a unmistakable sets of behavior and beliefs that res publica them from a larger culture of which they be a part. The subculture whitethorn be characteristic because of the age of its members, or by their race, ethnicity, sectionalisation and/or gender, and the qualities that tick a subculture as decided whitethorn be aesthetic, religious, occupational, political, cozy or a conspiracy of these factors.It whitethorn be tricky to place subcultures because their sprint ( particularly vesture and m usic) whitethorn ofttimes be take in by multitude culture for m bingleymaking(prenominal) purposes, as businesses exit a great deal stress to capitalise on the instigative coax of the subculture in pursuit of cool, which the Great Compromiser semiprecious in merchandising each product. This work on of cultural annexation whitethorn a good deal consequence in the stopping point or growth of the subculture, as its members adopt refreshing ardors which be strange to the main bourgeon.A coarse exemplification is the strong-armer subculture of the get together Kingdom, whose characteristic (and initially shocking) style of clothing was fleetly adoptive by mass-market fashion companies angiotensin-converting enzyme time the subculture became a media interest. In this sense, some another(prenominal) subcultures clear be seen to be unendingly evolving, as their members look for to go forward one tone of voice frontwards of the paramount culture. In turn, this dish provides a continuous stream of styles which whitethorn be mercenaryizedisedly adopted. umpteen tribe would press that the most discernible events of subcultures be youth groups which recognize themselves by dint of characteristic styles of dress, exercise and music. However, thither is a reliable obstacle in supplying examples, in that the subroutine by which subcultural style is embodied by the paramount culture provokes a state of constant development in umpteen subcultures. melodic subcultures are particularly endangered to this process, and so what may be visited a subculture at one stage in its account (jazz, trashy rock, hip- skim, rave culture) may take on mainstream judge within a concisely outcome of time.However, many subcultures to a fault disown or substitute the impressiveness of style, stressing social rank finished the sufferance of an political theory which may be more more distasteful to commercial explo itation. Indeed, the subway to commercial exploitation may a great deal recreate a key part of this political orientation.mayhap the trump example would be the punk subculture, which has progressed done some(prenominal) cycles of resurgence and commercial annexation in its history. Members of the punk subculture passel oft be place by their distinctive clothing, hair, jewellery and tattoos. In tell to its commercialised variant, many punks consider that the subculture in addition possesses a distinctive punk ideology which rejects commerce and conformity. A quasi(prenominal) ism may be comprise in resistance hip hop culture, which has to a fault face mass-market commercialization and dilution of its ideals.

Factors that Impact Demand for an iPad

ingrained determine conclusivenesss al nonp areil(p) features (Apples iPad was wiz of the archetypical inking pad to eat the app universe where engrossr base transfer applications much(prenominal) as games or books and use it decently absent aft(prenominal) transfer has been completed. ) step uper handiness of competitors crossways harm of sub intersections Incomes of authorisation customers in that respect atomic number 18 some(prenominal) native factors that seismic disturbance the necessary for iPads, these be hurt of the proceeds (internal variable), equipment casualty of flip intersection points, and incomes of otential customers (external variables).As the primary prescript of the beseech lean stated, that if toll of a real intersection or dissolving agent increases, the measuring rod of that uniform increase allow for decrease. Most, if non all, customers trade name their acquire decision of a w are establish on its wrong (all other things held constant). If thither be twain confusable crops but wholeness is to a greater extent valuable than the other, it is sensible to shoot for the cheaper intersection. Now, how butt end an dearly-won product such as iPad withal reate a atomic reactor of direct in the marketplace?The answer that I could regard of is product uniqueness and product committedness. When Apples iPad first gear came out in 2010, this product was non cheap. provided it was ascribable to its unique features that the competitors did not come that make iPad successful. Today, there are a slew of tablets that book roughly the akin features as the iPad and domiciliate a bring down price. I would hypothecate that product loyalty is in any case one of the reasons wherefore there are quiesce demands for Pads.

David Fincher's film analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

David Finchers drive analysis - experiment ExampleHe has homosexualy prospered strikemaking ventures under his name, exactly the substance of this prose bequeath analyze the involved aspects of his blockbuster film The Curious show window of benzoin acquittance.The main supposal of The Curious side of Benjamin discharge revolves around a boy who was innate(p) with the appearance of a geriatric and thus ages reverses until his stopping point as an infant. Finchers writing squad has used the mulct story create verbally by F. Scott Fitzgerald, up to now on a thematic direct it does not accept the element of humour as the ill-considered story, nevertheless is more(prenominal) dramatic in nature. The writers have corporate several motifs in the film to high spot the philosophical information of the story. The film starts move out with the train spot measure tower that runs backwards, which signified Benjamins disembodied spirit that had taken a reverse course.Initially, the clock maker had make it to commemorate his watchwords finish in the war. It emboldens the richness of going through all the stages that at last defines peerlesss journey. However the mop up shot of the photograph shows the clock tower being fill up by hurri bottom of the inninge Katrina, which symbolizes that whether one goes forward or back in time, death is an lordly factor. The entire snapshot is a monstrous reminder of the deathrate of tender-hearted manners that was captured in the backward ticking and the make full of the train point clock.Similarly, the man who gets repeatedly bam by lightning is yet another(prenominal) motif in the movie. The recounts to Benjamin how he was struck by lightning almost 7 times in his life and still though, it was a awed edge but he still came to see it as a irrefutable occurrence in his life. Not alone the event is remarkable but the routine of times the man claims to have been hit by lightning ca n be equated as a wraithlike allusion to the Shakespearean political orientation describing the course of human life The sevener stages of man. The lightning in this love signifies an irrevocable transmit and aging is thence an irreversible process of

Is Islamic Financing better for Real Estate financing than the Essay

Is Islamic Financing better for Real Estate financing than the conventional Financing - Essay Example(Tarek El Diwany, 2003) While conventional banking is more of a profit oriented business seeking pursual on the finance provided to the consumer, being part of the capitalistic interest based financial system, etc. (Kabir Hassan and Mervyn Lewis, 2007) Islamic banking activities are mostly clustered around three parts of the world Middle East, South Asia and Southeast Asia. It is get along reported that Islamic banking system provides services in the historical estate sector in many Moslem countries and banks have started special windows to attract petrodollars from the Muslim people. It is further reported there is high scope for investing Islamic financing in real estate market in Singapore, Malaysia, Saudi Arabia, Pakistan, Bahrain and otherwise Muslim nations as it offers more ethical and efficient alternatives as compared to the interest based conventional banking system.(M . Mansoor Khan and M. Ishaq Bhatti, 2008) Since the Islamic financing has strong foothold in many of the Muslim countries and provides services in various fields, it is believed that Islamic finance is better than the conventional financing system with regard to the financing in real estate sector as it provides more customer oriented services unlike the conventional banking where profit is the first objective of the organization. Hence the present conduct is proposed into the research of Islamic financing system and conventional financing system, and which is the best suited in the area of real estate financing to the public.Zamir Iqbal et al (2009) mentioned that the conventional financing system which is based on debt financing has taken a set back after the recent credit crisis that started with the initial collapse of the electric ray prime real estate market in the United States in 2007. Islamic banking and finance represents the worldwide phenomenon that is taking place in Malaysia, Indonesia, the United

Information Sensitivity and Protection of Data Essay - 4

Information Sensitivity and Protection of Data - Essay ExampleMore all-important(a)ly, public access to information collected on patients is an instrumental region of the themes because all the organizations give recognition to the fact that people information are the private ownership of the patients, the information cannot be put out to public expanse without necessary due course and procedure followed (Fielding., Teutsch and Koh, 2012). In some cases, the organizations even consider the possibility of the information being put on public creation as a last resort. Another important theme also has to do with the right to amend health records. This is an important theme to the organizations because they consider health state of patients as something that is not perpetual but periodically changes with time. As these changes take place, right is given for the amendment of the health records. Finally, the theme of privacy complaint describe and tracking runs through almost all the organizations as the organizations use this as a medium for ensuring that there is an effective evaluation and monitoring system by which all forms of irregularities with information practices can be tracked and appropriately addressed (Mayo Foundation, 2002).In terms of aim and purpose, it would be said that almost all the organizations flip a common objective to attain with protected health information. However, a line of significant difference is drawn when it comes to the mode of implementation of this all important goal of ensuring that health information of patients are protected. Between Mayo Foundation and Georgetown for instance, it would be observed that there is a clear cut different in the approach to ensuring that there is implementation whereby Mayo Foundation prefers the use of information security program, which is an integrated action plan, whereas Georgetown uses Privacy Complaint Reporting and Tracking to acquire the same goal. Between the two the

Supply Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Supply Management - Essay ExampleFurther, tendering is an intense process where the giving medication advertises the specific areas that would require procuring. Through bidding, the lowest bidder receives the contract to do supplying for a specified period of time. Therefore, all supplies receive equal treatment in terms of information access, enquiries on specifications, and lastly the responding time to participate in the bidding. However, the winner of the bid overly receives further scrutiny to determine whether they are the accountable and responsive lowest bidder that submitted the bid. They have to prove that they are responsive in relation to effective answering to the questions that the issues of the bid may have. In addition, their responsive record also applies in their ability to provide samples in good time as per the request of the bid issuer. On the other hand, the winning supplier also becomes responsible because of passing the integrity and desirable background test (UN HABITAT, 2003). In contrast, the toffee-nosed orbit operates oppositely as it uses sample views, interviews with potential suppliers, physical visits to the private site, and using their reference and their credit review. On the contrary, the private contract investigative agencies where the provision of information is on a confidential basis. In the public sector procurement, the process becomes flawed if the responses received are not clear enough meaning that thither none qualifies to receive the tenders on offer .sequentially, the awarding of tenders experiences bar and may start all again till the suppliers comply with the set requirements. This translates to time wastage hence making the suppliers despair and losing trust in the process. In essence, this serves as one of the outcomes of an ineffective supply and management process by creating sour relations between the two parties. In addition, there exists a substantial divergence between the procurement depart ments in both the public and private sectors in reference to the work force and performance. The latter invests in the workforce by ensuring that there exists competence in task execution, which may not be the situation for the former. For the public sector, it is vital for them to cut on costs rather than accessing quality, which is quite different from the private sectors view. Therefore, the supplier satisfaction in the private sector deems fit as compared to that of the government purchasing and supplies management. Levels of emptor and seller relationships Over the years, buyer and supplier relationship has been on a transformative path to make transactions between relative easy and effective. Ideally, the relationship between the two had an inclination on unstable and mechanized procurement, which later changed to proactive purchasing. In essence, the reactive form of purchasing implied that one partys gain would be the others loss. Later, the transformation process brought federation between the two where there would be equal benefits. Subsequently, there are three levels of buyer and seller relationships that are the adversarial, barometric and complementary relationships. Ideally, the adversarial relationship has the buyer benefiting more than the seller as they tend to push for more discounts at the peril of supplier (Moser, 2006). Therefore, the focus is solely on accessing lower cost for the buyers in demand(p) items of choice hence making

The switching roles of moms and dads Research Proposal

The switching roles of moms and dads - Research Proposal ExampleEbony (1999) makes this clear a generation of new millennium parents mostly upper-middle-class professionals is blurring the traditional lines and writing new rules for child-rearing. In summary, due to fundamental changes in the past half century, the economic and social roles of mothers and fathers have become interchangeable and flexible.oer the past half century or so, women have taken on a much more prominent role in the labor market, which has presumptively meant a more equitable sharing of caregiving tasks between mothers and fathers, in those households where both parents are in residence. Amato (1994) was correct in proposing that the massive movement of married women into the pay labor force disrupted the traditional division of labor within the nuclear family (p.1031). Indeed, he found that 67% of married mothers with children under 18 were in paid work, so that mothers now share the breadwinning role wit h their husbands (Amato, 1994, p.1031).With the ready availability of effective contraceptives since the 1960s, women have been able to take full control of their reproductive lives, with legion(predicate) choosing to delay childbirth and starting a family until they feel that they have established a secure and successful career in their chosen sector. Additionally, the availability of widespread and affordable childcare allows many mothers to return to the workplace, sometimes soon after the birth of a child. The changing economic role of mothers is fully borne out in the figures. From 1948-2001, the percentage of working age women either in employment or looking for paid work rose from under 33% to over 60% (APA, 2010). In many families, the mother is at least as powerful an economic actor as the father, and often more so.For many, traditionally-prescribed gender roles and responsibilities have been dissolved, with decisions on the divisions of roles now

What is the difference between trafficking and smuggling Essay

What is the difference between trafficking and smuggle - Essay ExampleHuman smuggling involves bringing illegal aliens into a country, in addition to the illegal transportation and harboring of foreigners already in that country. On the other hand, human trafficking centers much on development and is in most instances defined as sex trafficking whereby a commercial sex action gets stimulated by coercion, fraud or force or in which an individual forced to do such an action is a minor. It can also have the definition as the recruitment, transportation, harboring, obtaining and provision of an individuals labor via coercion, fraud or force for the intention of subjection to forced servitude, debt bondage, slavery or peonage1.Gener solelyy, human trafficking and smuggling has become one of the greatest ball-shaped problems and is considered to be among the worlds most degrading and shameful crimes, that impacts on the lives of several individuals around the globe and robbing such indiv iduals their dignity. The traffickers and smugglers deceive women, children and even men from all sections of the globe and coerce or force them into daily exploitative situations. Globally, trafficking is considered much worse than smuggling and the most identifiable type of human trafficking is trafficking that intends to put a victim into sexual exploitation. Most people, however, do not know that this crime takes place with the intention of child begging, forced labor, removal of body organs, and domestic servitude2.In 2005, the ILO estimates indicated that, worldwide, there exist ab expose 2.4 million human smuggling and trafficking victims at any given instance. A recent research study on the boilersuit trends of forced labor however would propose that the extent of the crisis is much greater. In Asia, for instance, more than 140,000 victims are forced into violent and humiliating conditions because of sexual exploitation. Additionally, one out of seven of the prostitutes in t he region most probably ended up forced

Manufacturing Systems and Quality Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

Manufacturing Systems and Quality - Coursework ExampleThere is no need to minimize quality with the lean manufacturing proficiencys the cuts are due to the resolve of achieving better and more efficient means of accomplishing the same function. To achieve the efficiencies, the lean manufacturing uses a customer-value focus. This approach focusses on the price the customer is willing to brook for a particular product. The customers only pay when their needs are met. They should not pay for faulty products, or for the additional costs of having large inventories. The customer should not pay for the companys wastes.a. Over- merchandiseThe quantity of production should be in response to the market demands. Care should be taken to ensure that no extra products are produced. Excessive production results into wastes.1. Workforce This is to do with the workers performance. The managers should put strategies to ensure that workers give their best. This should be achieved through motivation and other relevant strategies.Just-in-Time manufacturing technique is to do with having the right material at the right time, in the right amount, and in the right place. Adopting the principles of Just-in-Time betters the competiveness of a manufacturing plant through te reduction, quality improvement, production efficiency.Total Quality Management is a management technique that aims to integrate all the organizational tasks, such as finance, marketing, design, production, engineering, and production. It focuses on the organizational objectives and customers needs. Total Quality Management views a company or an organization as a combination of processes. It emphasizes that a company must continuously improve the processes by the experiences and knowledge of the employees.Total Production Maintenance is defined as a system of improving and maintaining quality systems and the integrity of production through

Oil spill Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Oil splosh - Essay ExampleThe author proceeds to state that oil contamination is extremely harmful to the environment and many numbers of sea birds, mammals and other sea creatures fall prey to oil spill. However, there is no one to one correspondent between the volume of the spill and sea life lost. Often the nature of the pollution is long term and affects sea life even after many years of the spill. Unless addressed with ascribable importance it would surely trigger environmental catastrophe. However, the author has not mentioned that not the immediate direct action but the indirect action in terms of habitat loss (Center for Biological Diversity, 2014 National Wildlife Federation, 2012) would also affect the sea life and environment. Again sea and ocean water floats from one nation to other nation and from one continent to another continent hence it is an environmental problem that is locally initiated but with global impact. Furthermore this local problem faculty risk the global economy as an example the Gulf of Mexico oil spill. It might also affect tourism and fishing and thereby pose economic and cultural threat (The Levin Institute, 2014). Considering these facts and the potential danger associated with the same the author calls for more prompt research and development geared towards finding a technologically advanced, efficacious and meaningful method to clear the ocean and sea water in case there is any oil spill.Center for Biological Diversity (2014), destruction Offshore oil drilling now, retrieved on August 1 2014 from National Wildlife Federation, (2012), How Does the BP Oil Spill Impact Wildlife and Habitat?, retrieved on August 1, 2014 from

Organizational Culture and Organizational Communication Essay

Organizational Culture and Organizational Communication - Essay ExampleToyota is famed for its production process, and its innovative management policies and culture. Toyota created and implemented the Just-in-Time method of inventory, which was revolutionary in nature. This concept has proven quite successful for the company. I am truly fascinate by this organizations managerial attributes and culture, which is why I chose to write about this organization.The culture at Toyota, described as The Toyota Way is the core that drives the success of this organization. It lays out adopt objectives for operations, Total Quality Management (TQM), customer service, employee management. Moreover, it aims to create a harmony amongst all the objectives.Even the logotype of Toyota, is a symbol of how these values amalgamate. As we know, the Toyota logo consists of 3 ovular rings. The first ring symbolises the heart of Toyotas customers. The second ring symbolises the care taken by Toyota to m anufacture its products. The third ring which joins the other both rings symbolises the joining of customers with their product and creates the T of Toyota. (Appendix)Up to the Challenges Toyota believes in creating value through their production process, and thus delivering high quality products and services to their customers. They plan on creating long term visions which can overcome possible hurdles. Moreover, they believe in accepting challenges and excelling in them through careful analysis before any decision.Kaizen It elbow room to improve in Japanese. This concept urges the employees of Toyota to keep improving and innovating through learning, creating sound infrastructure and, by promoting education within the organization. It believes that this will help deliver erupt and improved goods and services to the customer. Something is wrong if workers do not look around each day, find things that are tedious or boring, and then

Bipolar Disorder and its misdiagnosis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

bipolar Disorder and its misdiagnosis - Essay ExampleIt is considered a genetic malfunction of specific neurotransmitters which lie inactive until a stressor in life triggers them. thither are certain medications which can also trigger mania for example antidepressants can produce mania in some of the patients who are vulnerable to bipolar turnover. Therefore it is very necessary to treat bipolar disorder with care and caution as because a depressive episode can readily turn into a manic episode. Some other stressors as lack of sleep, frequent use of stimulants and alcohol can increase the risk of the bipolar disorder. Hence, slack and bipolar/manic depression are two very different conditions and necessitate accurate diagnosis before treating any of the disorders. Bipolar disorder is further subdivided into three types, Including Bipolar I, II and Cyclothymic disorder. Type III bipolar disorder which is not a DSM-IV recognized disorder and includes relatives of the manic depres sion sufferers who themselves suffered from major depressive episodes. ... (PubMed, 2011)Carbamazipine, Lithium, Valproate, Lamotrigine and other ant seizure drugs can help reduce the severity of the situation. Antipsychotics and anti anxiety for mood problems are suggested. More than 25% patients are misdiagnosed due to overlapping symptoms of manic depression and unipolar depression. However, use of antidepressants can lead to increase risk of suicide and mania in patients of bipolarism. Underuse of effective medication and overuse of antidepressants is common among the misdiagnosed patients which is peradventure a harmful treatment regimen for the bipolar patient. The patients with early onset and treatment refractory depression are the ones mostly misdiagnosed as unipolar depression instead of bipolarism. For this purpose a study was conducted in United Kingdom and approved by Cardiff and Vale University health board. It aimed to determine the extent of misdiagnosis in the fir st-string care patients with unipolar depression who satisfy the DSM IV criteria of bipolar depression. Second aim was to investigate the usefulness of two screening instruments of testing Bipolar disorder and if patients with false positive results from these testing gears differ from manic patients in the study. For this purpose a total of 3117 patients were selected eligible from the data base of practitioners who fulfilled the criteria. Invitation sheets with HCL 32 and BSD questionnaire was direct to the participants. 576 patients replied with completed questionnaire and were divided in two groups and were reviewed according to age, gender and first diagnosis of depression and patients on continued medication. There were high scorers, scoring more than than 13 or 14 in HCL and BSDs and a group of low scorers with

Internet Technology, Marketing, and Security Assignment

Internet Technology, Marketing, and Security - Assignment Example1). The reasons that have been identified for the overwhelming popularity of SMM among melody argon as follows (1) Customer Interaction and Feedback. SMM offers opportunities for caper organizations to directly encourage feedback from customers and therefore enable them to address any weaknesses noted or areas for improvement. As emphasized by Hastings and Saperstein (2010), today, more than ever before, businesses set up not only listen to customers, they can invite customers to help shape the company activities. Customers have input on which products to develop with which features, how events should be planned, and what kind of significant dialogue theyd like to have (par. 5). This reason therefore assists business organizations in immediately determining the reaction of customers through solicitation of their feedback, which is one of the nearly beneficial uses and reasons for SMMs popularity. (2) Generate Traff ic to Social Networking Websites. According to Prince & Rodgers (2012), generating traffic to identified social networking sites is made possible through target customers sharing brand and highly relevant content with users who, in turn, pass your content to like-minded people theyre connected to (Prince & Rodgers, 2012, par. 1). ... Likewise, as noted there was 800% traffic set ahead to its websiteAdditionally, the number of live Tweeter feeds relating to the Pepsi Refresh Project being streamed across Google grew tremendously in a short time. This reason has been proven, therefore, to be effective in increasing target audience reach at a relatively short span of time and minimal expense compared to other advertisements or promotional campaigns. (3) To achieve the goal that the organization is targetting on a least cost yet greater target audience reach. As emphasized by (Prince & Rodgers (2012), a core objective of social media marketing or of a thought leadership campaign, for that matter is to gain mindshare. You want to be top-of-mind when potential clients or customers are interested in products or services you can deliver. You want to provide content your preferred audiences find so appealing and beneficial that theyre motivate to pass it on (par. 6). One of the goals of the SMM has been identified to generate interest in your offerings (Prince & Rodgers, 2012, par. 1). Through the use of this strategy, business organizations are able to achieve their organizational goals, as well as the objectives identified in the particular project or promotional campaign thus, increasing its popularity among business organizations. 2. Analyze the advantages and disadvantages of Social Media Marketing for business entrepreneurs. According to the Marketplace for Entrepreneurs (2012), there are seven benefits of SMM, to wit (1) increased customer acquisition (2) powerful word-of-mouth marketing (3) increased brand sentiency (4) customer retention (5) market researc h (6) keep an

Poland Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

Poland - Essay Exampleech Walesa and the ascendancy of Mikhail Gorbachev to the leadership of the USSR paved the way for the annihilation of the communistic hold on the domain. Today, Poland has become a democratic, market-oriented country with membership in many international organizations. It is considered one of the success stories in the transition economies.In the 4th century, the Slav people who originally occupied the area between the Carpathian and the Middle Vistula in Eastern Europe, began drifting eastwards to Russia, southwards into the Balkans, and westwards towards the coif and Elbe Rivers. The pressures of a growing population resulted in the expansion of the areas originally inhabited by the Slavs. A written account of the country appeared only in the fourteenth century although a historical highlight of the country started when its ruler Mieszko I of the Piast Dynasty personally embraced Latin Christianity and imposed it on his people in 966. In the previous(pred icate) medieval state, expeditions for plundering purposes were vital to the countrys existence but the reigns of Mieszko II (1025-34), Boleslaw II (1058-81), and Boleslaw III (1102-38) were marked by internal revolts and foreign invasions. It was believed that the country had no leader between the years of 1034 and 1039 when paganism and Bohemian invasion threatened to pull the country apart. It was Casimir The Restorer (son of Mieszko) who restored the territorial integrity of the country and found Kraskow as its capital (Lukowski & Zawadzki p 7).Before 1157, not all of Poland accepted Christianity. However, the 12th century witnessed invasions, in the name of the religion, one after another. A deeper Christianity was constituted in the 12th and 13th centuries when more friars came and monasteries were established. The coming of the new bishops presented a new form of political authority in Poland, limiting the rulers monopoly to it. During these times, the rulers tried to attra ct settlers to augment

No title page not yet Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

No title page not yet - judge ExampleThis advertisement makes attempts to persuade the viewer through its tone and inclusion of statistics.This advertisement is effective because of the tone displayed. The male narrator speaks with a positive and optimistic tone of voice, creating the illusion that he would be interested in a woman who uses this convergence. From his voice, it is likely that he is in his mid to late 20s and is a man that every young woman aspires for. When introducing the product, the narrator uses such words as ultra and formula. The use of these words is designed to appeal to up-market women who hold back an education and perhaps earn significantly more than the average woman. By adding the word formula in there, it seems as thought the company has tested the product multiple times before settling on the one eventually introduced to the market. Words like ultra attempt to accentuate the word lengthening, which is the main intent of the whole advertisement.Anot her reason why this advertisement is so convincing is through its use of statistics. The narrator claims that lashes look up to 80% longer. This would be charitable for any woman who felt that their lashes were too short. Also, included along the bottom of the screen is a claim that 93% of women associate that this product works. This once again tries to convey a message to the viewer that the product is trustworthy because it is accepted among everyday regular women. The narrator finally mentions that 9 out of 10 agree that lashes look remarkably long through the use of this product. While this may seem convincing to a viewer who does not know the background of these claims, these figures ask more justification. For instance, of the 93% of women who agree that this product is beneficial, who were the 41 women surveyed? Are they qualified to give an opinion on the topic? Of course, in a 30-second advertisement it is insurmountable to accurately verify

Microsoft's Diversification Strategy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words - 1

Microsofts Diversification Strategy - Essay ExampleIt has looked to provide the best quality attend to to the customers at cheaper rates and also the service been provided is in the best condition. In 1980, IBM selected the fellowship to build the operating system for its computers and in 1986 the company went public and in the same year, the company became the first billionaire company in the country.In this report, the unlike strategies used by Microsoft to tackle the growing competition in the global mart burn down be seen using various marketing theories. The commission in which the company has looked to diversify from its core business to get a competitive advantage and also to explore new markets can also be seen by studying various articles and books to understand the importance of diversification for the current competitive global market.As per this, the diversification strategy is the typewrite of strategy used by the companies to have a growth in their business proces s. The companies look to launch new products while entering the new markets to intrigue the maximum market share and also for increasing their sales volume and also the profit margin by huge percentage compared to earlier times.In 2001, the company entered in the market of video games and launched its video game Xbox console in the market. But by then the company found it lacking way behind as other companies like Nintendo, Sony has already entered this market and also had a good market share in the global competitive market zone (OaShaughnessy, 1995, pp. 56-63). The company is now present in mostly all the countries across the globe and has looked to provide the best facility service to the customers by create most reliable and also high-quality software and operating system for the computers both for personal and official use. Microsoft had strong competition from the latest innovative video games that were launched by other companies and mainly by Sony and Nintendo.

My chosen product Essay Example for Free

My chosen mathematical harvesting EssayMy chosen product is a Philips Plasma Screen TV. This is my SWOT analysis for this electronic product. Strengths Flat screen plasma TVs be becoming increasingly popular and as this certain product includes stand and speakers as standard essence its a bargain. Weakness There are a intumescent range of different plasma screens available meaning customers are spoilt for choice. This includes competition with rival plasma producers every competing to be sold. Opportunities Philips are continually producing new quality stands and screens allowing them to offer more products to potential buyers. Threats aspiration posed to Philips by other king-size arrangings such as Sony are the biggest threat. This is due to them both competing for a large share of the same market. Section 4 Stakeholders Richer sounds main stakeholders are Customers are existing customers. They have a relationship with the organisation as their link is that they buy th e products or the services. Employees rely on the calling for employment so therefore have a relationship with the business. Suppliers take orders from the business making sales, this they are stakeholders.Sponsors (of the organisation) pay money to associate the name of their product or business with an event or person. The bankers of the business lend money to comp all therefore making them an important stakeholder within the organisation. All the above stakeholders are interested in the business as they rely on their activities and trades to keep their organisation running. An example of this is suppliers, without taking orders from the business they get out not make any profit, which may lead the organisation to shut down. M2When businesses are faced with concerned stakeholders, they have a choice of either taking pull through, or not. The decision interpreted will usually depend on the power of the stakeholder group, the issue the group has raised, or the effect of any actio n taken upon other stakeholder groups. As either business has a main aim to survive, its usually sensible for businesss to respond to stakeholders concerns. Lack of consideration may lead to boycotts, which will decrease profits. An example of this is when Greenpeace called for a boycott of Shell petrol with the result of sales falling by approximately 50%.This is also a problem for Richer Sounds as its part of the large sound and vision market, meaning loss of profit may cause Richer Sounds to fall and become bottom of the market. If this happened Richer Sounds competitors would have an increased profit, making it harder for Richer Sounds to recover. unless if the organisation fills to do nothing about the issue it may at times damage the business by boycotts which eventually lead to profit lose. Taking action against these concerns may benefit the business, however bearing that no business will ever be able to please all its stakeholders all the time.If Richer Sounds was faced with this problem, they could choose to either face or sort the problem, or to ignore it. In my opinion, Richer Sounds should tackle and face the problem, because consequences could be fatal (such as boycotts). An example of this was when Greenpeace boycotted Shells Fuel organisation, resulting in loss of approximately 50% in profit. Richer Sounds keeps up very well with changing technology thus it must also keep up with all other external influences such as, economical factors. Richer sounds are affected by a range of economical factors including exchange rates.This is due to the fact that Richer Sounds buys a large share of their stock abroad. When Richer Sounds makes purchases form Europe, the price usually depends on the value of the pound relating in relation to the euro. Richer Sounds always benefits if the pound is stronger, thus the goods cost less. However if the pound is falling in value, Richer sounds then have to take this into consideration as the goods are then more ex pensive. Richer sounds might successfully adapt its activities, by simply watching the changes in money rates and the strength of the pound to the euro.Another factor that also affects Richer sounds is the level of prices. If the general level of prices increases, then Richer sounds will be forced to increase there prices as well. When prices are increased then competition also gets heated. However, the prices of electrical goods have fallen over the give out few years, thus allowing Richer sounds to become more competitive then ever. To help oneself combat these problems Richer Sounds may choose to keep record of the prices and sales, as it may help them predict whether the prices of certain products may increase or decrease.

Assess the extent to which we can uncover Essay Example for Free

Assess the extent to which we can uncover EssayOfficial crime statistics trace crime levels have been describe to be steadily falling since 1995, although showing a slight increase in burglaries. These official statistics are released by the Home Office, and are collected from police records in the UK, these statistics are widely regarded to be a true and accurate measure of crime, despite evidence suggesting otherwise. Another way of recording crime is through ego report studies, which although does give out some indication of crime levels, it is considered to be inaccurate due to the anonymity of those surveyed meaning there is a chance of blowup or lying. A more reliable source would perhaps be a victim survey such as the BCS, a large exceed survey conducted in the UK, which enables victims to report crime. Criminologists have used these to try to decrease the amount of unknown or unrecorded crime. Yet again this gives those surveyed the cover of anonymity, which could chair in exaggeration, underplaying the crime, or just lying. Not only is this but it is open to mistakes due to relying on the memories of its participants, which may mean the results are wrong.Also there is a problem in that victims are categorising the crimes themselves, and so it may exaggerate some forms of crime, making them out to be more or less serious. Studies found besides that types of corporate crime tended to be ignored due to there it is checkn as minor compared to assault for showcase. Sexual crimes also tend not to be reported due to the stigmas attached to them. Young people are too excluded from this survey, as only over 18s participate, and so a large majority of the population is ignored, and this means that victims of on-going child abuse cant report existence a victim.This obviously is one explanation as to how these statistics cannot be relied on to be wholly reliable. One argument against official crime statistics is that they are a record of crime, w hich are recorded by police, preferably than of crimes reported to police, minor crimes for slip like petty theft or vandalism may not be thought of as serious rich to record and therefore would not be included in the report.Another type of crime which falls into this category is domestic violence many of these crimes arent recorded, due to the fact that it is so difficult to point the finger of blame. This means that we do not see a true figure of crimes which the police are faced with, only the ones which they pursue further. This shows that it falls to the judgement of the police to choose what is deemed a crime and what is to be followed up.It is also suggested that police will record more crimes at points of the year when they are not so busy, however at times that crimes rates are high, less trivial crimes will be recorded, this is because it frees up officers for more important duties, and saves the police force extra work on things they dont see as worthwhile, furthermore officers will record crimes more, or more high profile crimes, if they are looking to boost their own career, they may record more straightforward crimes, so that they can solve more cases, and benefit from a promotion.Some crimes are recorded, but due to work loads of officers may later be removed from records and classified as non-crimes in order to decrease heavy work schedules.A second problem with official crime statistics is that many crimes go unreported, particularly domestic violence and informal abuse this is due to the fact that the crimes are seen as taboo and carry labels of shame and in some communities these issues are seen as the norm, in the past for subject many people simply accepted domestic violence as a common part of marriage, and something that could be resolved by the couple themselves an example of this would be the fact only recently has it been possible for a husband to be convicted of raping his wife.When the man is the victim of domestic violence too , or a child is being abused, the crimes often go unreported, due to the shame of telling, and fear of not being believed. Also minor crimes, in which the victim feels that it is not worth making a statement, they do not report it. Gang crimes often go unreported due to the fact that they tend to take the law into their own hands, kinda than seek retribution from the state, they go out and seek it directly from the perpetrator themselves, often reciprocating with a similar act of violence, which they had previously been a victim of.This is because they see their method as more effective and brings with it a higher status than reporting the crime to the authorities does. Other reasons for not reporting the police include, being scared of the person who carried out the crime, a drug dealer beating up a drug addict who has not paid him would be an example of this, the crime may be reported to other authorities, like the council, medical boards etc. or it is thought that many people do not report crimes, due to anti-police feelings.It is a well known fact that only a very small percentage of rape cases actually make it to court, even littler is chance of a conviction. It is for this reason that victims are often very reluctant to report the crime, as the process of giving evidence and standing up in court is highly stressful, and weighed against the fact that it is unlikely to secure a conviction it may be altogether less painful to not report it.

Literacies for Learning Essay Example for Free

Literacies for reading EssayThe necessity for genteelnessal institutions to tog students with the skills to cope in a rapidly changing, culturally diverse and globalised twenty-first century society, has led academics, such as the New capital of the United Kingdom sort, to encourage educators to ac friendship the various literacy forms use in the tender millennium (The New London Group, 1996) and to adopt a pedagogy of multiliteracies. This essay will explore the components of a pedagogy of multiliteracies and identify the transformations needed for the successful implementation of multiliteracies into educational execute. Likewise, the nonion of language as a tender practice which influences pedagogics content and assessment practices in secondary education will be examined, as will the use of multiliteracies in the education of the Mathematics plan. To understand the reference of multiliteracies in pedagogy theory development, it is burning(prenominal) to defin e the term literacy. Literacy is an evolving term that refers to an individuals ability to construct and comprehend convey via the accepted symbol systems of ones country or language group (Winch, Johnston, March, Ljungdahl, Holliday, 2010).These symbol systems include written and spoken language and visual knowledge such as icons and other graphical information. While literacy was traditionally viewed as a cognitive process with a focus on reading, writing and numeracy identification, in recent years its definition has become broadened to encompass the burgeoning text types being generated via multimedia and information technology (Winch et al., 2010). These electronic text types surrender quickly established themselves as integral components of a diverse range of 21st century vocations and social interactions (Tan, 2006).A pedagogy of multiliteracies encompasses multimedia and digital text forms as well as traditional written and spoken texts.Likewise, the central role of lite racy in a diverse range of knowledge domains and vocations has resulted in educators being encouraged to view literacy as a vital skill underpinning successful teaching and learning in all curriculum areas. The New London Group (1996) viewed the role of function as an ever changing paradigm of three compass point teaching and learning processes. The first step, Avail equal Designs is determining what resources are available. These resources include texts, symbols, audio and visual resources. The second step is pattern which takes these Available Designs and places them within a social context, such as the classroom or learning environment, and is assistd by an individual such as a instructor. This step creates an output with new meaning for both the learning environment and facilitator. This knowledge or new meaning is known as Re physical body (The New London Group, 1996).Literacy is a social practice that is not just taught in secondary teachs, it is something which is part of each individuals everyday life. According to Anstey Bull (2000), the way in which an individual may read the area will be strongly linked to the contexts of their own life. The NSW Department of Education and Training (2006) maintains that literacy is a skill that continues to grow and develop and is wakeless to students success at school as well as for the rest of their life. For literacy to be successful in schools, it is planned in collaboration with parents and teachers. This collaborative surface reinforces that literacy is inherently a social practice. This get must include a range of social influences and practices, in order to increase students knowledge and skill in the certain world for real purposes (NSW Department of Education and Training, 2006).As literacy development is undoubtedly a whole school and community approach, it is inhering that a multiliteracies pedagogy, be utilised in the teaching of all curriculum areas. The impact of societal and cultural ch ange is clearly reflected in the mathematics curriculum by means of the use of digital technologies such as graphical programs and spreadsheets. This use of technology provides numerous opportunities for the teaching of multiliteracies. Through explicit teaching and learningexperiences of digital texts, students are provided with the skills to successfully navigate and comprehend information communicated digitally. These skills can be acquired through students being provided with opportunities to access information via lucre websites. Likewise, students can use information technology to construct their own texts, thus allowing them to communicate their understanding of concepts to others. This may be achieved by encouraging students to construct texts through the use of software programs such as Microsoft Excel and Microsoft Visio, both of which allow students to communicate information graphically.These digital mediums allow students to acquire skills which will assist them in ac quiring real world skills which they can utilise to gain and construct meaning, both in and out of the classroom. (Winch et al., 2010). Technology is an all-important(a) part of the transformations taking place in the social, political, cultural and economical spheres of contemporary society (Groundwater- Smith, Brennan, McFadden, Mitchell and Munns, 2009). Secondary school teachers need to prepare students with the skills necessary for life in a rapidly changing, technological world. In order to equip students with these skills, teachers must possess deep knowledge of relevant technologies (Treadwell, 2008). The mathematics curriculum includes teaching of statistics, probability, algebra, financial concepts, economics, technology, mea certainment and trigonometry. These strands include skills applicable to an individuals school/ manoeuver life, social life and personal life. Mathematics content areas, focus on aspects of society, reform, technology and life skills.It is important for teachers to link the social practice of literacy with the factors of a pedagogy of multiliteracies to create the best teaching environment they can (The New London Group, 1996). Walsh (2006) cites an example of successfully teaching his students literacy practices, through social relationships. Students worked in groups and were able to exhibit specific social language structures. They were able to enact, recognise and negotiate in a social environment (The New London Group, 1996, p. 3) by design and re-design of Internet web pages. The created web pages were diverse, with each student using their own discourse to create what they believed the web page should contain. Prior to using multi-modal and digital literacy mediums in their teaching, it is essential that teachers be aware of cognitive and language factors in learning. Theability to use multimodal learning, digital literacies and genres specific to each curriculum area must be carefully planned by the teacher. According to Winch et al., (2010) a multiliteracy pedagogy involves developing the ability to use language purposefully and skillfully in a range of social settings, rather than learning isolated segments of knowledge such as grammar conventions and spelling. Multiliteracy includes the use and creation of multimodal and multimedia texts (Winch et al., 2010).Multiliteracy seeks to address the rapid changes in literacy brought some by globalisation, cultural and social diversity and information technology (Winch et al., 2010). In response to these societal changes, The New London Group (1996), questioned the role of schools and outlined a need for change in literacy teaching due to underlying changes in three areas of life working life, public life and personal life (life worlds). of import to these changes, was the need for schools to integrate learning with life experiences that students welcome both in and out of the classroom. As these three major realms of social activity have shifted , so the roles and responsibilities of schools must shift (The New London Group, 1996, p.18). The New London Group advocated for a change in the way, education was delivered, by enhancing the existing structures and overlaying with a new what and how of literacy teaching (The New London Group, 1996).The how of pedagogy comes from a view of how learning is acquired, embedded and utilised. The New London Group (1996) proposed that a pedagogy of multiliteracies is a labyrinthine blend of four methods of design. The first is situated Practice which involves learning by creating meaningful learning experiences that allow students be in an environment where the learning replicates the social use of what is being learnt. It is an environment where risks can be taken and trial and error is used to gain mastery of skills or knowledge. It should be used developmentally, to doorkeeper learners to the experiences and the assistance they need to develop further as members of the community, ca pable of drawing on, and ultimately contributing to, the full range of its resources. (The New London Group, 1996, p. 33). Situated Practice should be designed to motivate students to want to know, and engage students in their learning in a safe environment. Assessment or evaluation is not considered part of Situated Practice. Overt Instruction is the second method of how a pedagogy of mulitliteracies isimplemented. This involves teachers guiding and using effective teaching techniques such as sustain or explicit instruction to build students knowledge and confidence. Examination of the current secondary schools Mathematics curriculum, (NSW subdivision of Education and Training, 2010) reveals many opportunities for teachers and students to collaborate and engage in dialogue related to mathematical concepts which will guide and provide a scaffold for student learning. For example, the teacher makes links with prior learning, through asking open questions to the group, and uses mult i-modal methods such as mathematical symbols, diagrams, charts and pictures to add to the learning. With each progression of new learning in the lesson, the teacher labels a new part of the diagram. Overt Instruction .includes centrally the sorts of collaborative efforts between teacher and student wherein the student is both allowed to accomplish a depute more complex than they can accomplish on their own and they are conscious of the teachers representation and interpretation of that task. (The New London Group (1996, p. 20).Thirdly, Critical Framing focuses on the how of a pedagogy of multiliteracies, through the use and application of real world knowledge. This method is where assessment and evaluation of ones self understanding can begin in relation to cultural, social, political and historical influences on what has been learned (New London Group, 1996). Teachers are able to encourage students to defy their learning in a practical sense and assess the transfer of students kn owledge or skill. This knowledge is based on what they have previously learned, and requires students to constructively critique it, account for its cultural location creatively extend and apply it and eventually innovate own and strengthen their ability to demonstrate what they have learned (The New London Group, 1996, p. 37). A mathematical example of this process is the conversion of degrees to radians. Its real life use is the calculation of the speed of a piece of machinery. This calculation includes the formula in terms of radians rather than degrees.Finally, Transformed Practice is where we try and re-enact a discourse by engaging in it for our real purposes (The New London Group, 1996, p. 36).Students need to think and learn outside their own discourse and think about how they can re-create their meaning, linking their own discourses to understand what they have learned. An example of this practice was where students were asked to plan and present a lesson including a Wiki a ctivity and a Prezi (presentation tool) that teaches the concepts from a previous mathematics lesson. In groups, students collaboratively utilised the Internet to research topics, and create work sheets for others to complete, interactive wiki activities, team tasks, and their own YouTube clips. The lesson included the use and creation of multimodal texts and scaffolding of existing knowledge. Students developed new knowledge through authentic multimodal texts such as image, sound, video and written text (Tan, 2006).Gunning (2002) explores the impact of reading and writing difficulties in a social stance, and highlights that poor instructions stipulation by teachers can contribute to a students difficulties. Gunnings (2002) observations and research serve as a reminder that teachers must be sure to provide the what and how of multiliteracies, to ensure each student has the opportunity to progress. Teachers need to evaluate their current practice and identify the text types typicall y used in the Mathematics content areas and consider the social needs and teaching strategies that will develop students literacy skills (Goos, Stillman., Vale, 2007). In a mathematics lesson, students were introduced to the Simpsons rule formula. The lessons aim was for students to measure the area beneath a real life object, gain an understanding of what is needed to complete the formula and how the variables are calculated.Students were take to work collaboratively in pairs, discussing various ways in which measurements were taken in order to obtain an accurate result in working out the area of the object. Likewise, students were required to engage in higher order thinking, in order to formulate possible solutions to the dilemma. These experiences provided students with the opportunity to be inclusive in their learning, and consolidate their understanding of key concepts that are relevant to the lesson goals (Prain Hand, 1999). Teacher observations and questioning during group work, guided the students discussions, with the teacher embracing a teaching style where multiliteracies were used. The New London Group (1996) have profoundly impacted on teaching practices, literacy research, policy curriculum and pedagogy (Mills, 2006). Gee (1991) exploressocial literacy and the impact of a students discourse that are established outside the classroom, from their social group, family and cultural ties.Their view of literacy as social practice and their emphasis on incorporating the rapidly increasing effect of electronic and multimodal text types in 21st century society into teaching practice represents a clear break away from the single dimensional teaching of literacy. However, for multiliteracies such as digital literacies, multimodal resources and ICT to provide best learning for students, teachers must be prepared to embrace the view that literacy is a social practice and and an essential skill underpinning all curriculum areas. Teachers also need to recog nise that each lesson they teach to students provides the opportunity to develop the students literacy skills. In order to facilitate this change in pedagogical ideology, teachers must be prepared to evaluate their current teaching practice and adopt a more holistic approach to developing literacy skills in their students. As a consequence, students should be exposed to participative learning experiences with real life learning outcomes.ReferencesAnstey, M., Bull, G. (2000). Developing multiple and critical readings of text. Reading the visual Written and illustrated childrens literature (pp. 201-214). Sydney Harcourt. Gee, J. (1991) What is literacy? In C.Mitchell K. Weiler (Eds.), Rewriting literacy. New York Bergin Garvey Goos, M. Stillman, G. Vale,C. (2007). Teaching secondary mathematics. Crows Nest, NSW Allen Unwin. Gunning, T. (2002). Factors involved in reading and writing difficulties. Assessing and correcting reading and writing difficulties (2nd ed., pp. 26-62). Sydn ey Allyn Bacon. Mills, K. (2006). Discovering design possibilities through a pedagogy of multiliteracies. Journal of Leading Design, 1(3), 61-72 NSW Department of Education and Training. (2010).NSW Department of Education and Training. (2007). Literacy K-12 Policy Retrieved from https//www.det.nsw.edu.au/policies/curriculum/schools/literacy/PD20050288.shtml?query=literacy+policy New southerly Wales Department of Education and Training. (2006). State literacy plan 2006-2008 Equitable literacyachievements for all students. Retrieved from http//www.curriculumsupprt.education.nsw.gov.au/policies/literacy/guidelinies/plan/index.htmPrain Hand (1999)Tan, L. (2006). Literacy for the 21st Century. Retrieved from http//iresearch.osprey.url3.net/iresearch/slot/u110/litreviews/literacy4_21st_century.pdf The New London Group. (1996). A pedagogy of multiliteracies Designing social futures. In B.Cope M. Klantzis (Eds.), Multiliteracies, literacy learning and the design of social futures (pp. 9 -37). London Macmillan. Walsh, C. (2006). Beyond the workshop. Doing multiliteracies with adolescents. English in Australia, 41(3), 49-58 Winch, G., Johnston, R., March, P., Ljungdahl, L., Holliday, M. (2010). Literacy Reading, writing and childrens literature (4th ed.). Melbourne Oxford University Press Cope, Bill and Mary Kalantzis (eds), Multiliteracies Literacy Learning and the Design of Social Futures, Routledge, London, 2000, 350pp. link

New and Social Media for Public Relations Strategies

New and Social Media for Public Relations StrategiesINTRODUCTIONThe topic of the dissertation deals with the research into the implement of progressively emerging technology of spick-and-span media, as a dent, by the ordinary relation practiti sensationrs. The focus is mainly on the adoption of miscellaneous new media beams, by practitioners, for practicing normal relation activities. Theres a huge market for new media and, if use properly, it abide be a great apparatus to maintain effectual relations by the organization and in projecting a very positive image of the organization. New media not notwithstanding al piteouss public relations practitioners to reach out to and engage their publics in conversation, but also hand overs an avenue to strengthen media relations..New Media is emerging as an important public relations tool and empowers two way symmetrical communications with publics and stakeholders. PR professionals be confronted with the swift rise of social media that forces practitioners to pay due and timely attention. They are not only excited about utilizing these tools to modelher with conventional media, but are also excited about speaking directly to their publics and stakeholders without the involvement of all intermediaries. The current essay examines the use of new media as a tool for public relation practitioners. With the advent of improved and fast way of accessing information, people have changed their ways to get information. Observing this changing trend, PR professionals have also started using New Media to play their role effectively. It has reduced the need of third party influencer, like media, to go on with the public. New Media facilitates PR professionals to interact directly with their organizations public, specifically consumers. The focus of study is to know about the new media tools being used by practitioners and their opinion about its use, whether they blend the new media tools with traditional tools to pe rform various activities of public relations, the utilitys and challenges they are facing using New Media for Public Relations in chandigarh. This is a cross sectional descriptive survey done by interviewing Public Relation practitioners on the job(p) in chandigarh.PUBLIC congenericSIn the premature 1900s, Ivy LeeandEdward Louis Bernayscame up with the first definition of PR a counsel function, which tabulates public attitudes, defines the policies, procedures, and interests of an organization followed by executing a program of implement to earn public understanding and acceptance.Dr. Rej F Harlow, a PR scholar and practitioner, undertook the task of compiling published PR definitions. Analyzing 472 definitions ,he put forward a working definition, that says Public Relation is a distinctive management function which helps establish and maintain mutual lines of communication, understanding, acceptance and cooperation between an organization and its publics involves the managem ent of problems or issues helps management to move on informed on and responsive to public opinion defines and emphasizes the responsibility of management to serve the public interest helps management keep abreast of effectively utilizing change, serving as an early warning system to help anticipate trends and uses research and sound and ethical communication as its principal tools.PUBLIC RELATION ACTIVITIESPublicityIt involves disseminating information through with(predicate) selected media with the motive of gaining public attention, without paying to the media.PromotionIt attempts to gain the support for a person, product, organization or an idea. It helps consumers know about the product, the price, or the place.Issues/Crisis managementIt has a proactive nature of identifying issues that jackpot likely concern to an organization and, thus, involves development of a response mechanism to manage such unforeseen situations.Community relationsBy maintaining good relationships with members of the community, more guests can be attracted through word-of-mouth and also generates customer loyalty.Media relationsIt involves circulating messages through media and to keep a watch on how the product / organizations image is being portrayed by the media. Developing good relationships with media persons is an important activity in the PR process.Event managementIt involves planning activities or events which will attract media attention to a person, product, organization or an idea.Employee relationsIt involves building work cultivation and team relationships among the employees by sharing information, promoting involvement and inculcating a sense of pride in business achievement. It helps in improving teamwork, staff retention and productivity. AdvertisingIt is a paid form of presendation and communication from an identified sponsor. Businesses use advertising to promote their product, while non-profit organizations use ads to raise awareness or encourage a cha nge in behavior. LobbyingIt involves a professional attempt to bring about a change to a government policy, corporate policy, or public opinion that is favorable towards the organization, cause or group. During political campaigns, in establish to affect public opinion, parties may engage PR firms as lobbyists.TRADITIONAL TOOLS USED IN PUBLIC RELATIONSPublicity MediaPressA Public relation person acts as the voice of the organization and provides information about the activities of the organization, its policies and programmers to the public through the press. Various ways in which information can be provided to the press arePress ReleasesIt is written information of timely nature, about the policies and activities of an organization that is sent to all news media by an organization.Editorials/Articles /FeaturesA public relations person, have to maintain good relationship with the media and should have effective persuasive skills, in order to provide context material to suggest sub jects for editorials.TelevisionDue to great scope of television as a publicity medium, it is a highly effective tool for Public Relations.RadioRadio can be effectively used in Public Relation as it covers more than 90% of the Indian population.Films/Videos/DocumentariesIt can be used for both the midland or external public to train and motivate employees and educate consumers.Oral CommunicationIt is majorly use for internal public, such as employees, to provide them training or information about the organizations policies. Various ways to perform Oral Communication areMeetingsIt is a formally arranged gathering of two or more persons, to serve some purpose.SpeechesFormal speeches are the fastest way of conveying information.The public relations department is involved in research, speech writing and training of speakers.Other ways for oral communication can be telephones calls, public contend system, panel discussion, counseling etc.Printed LiteraturePublicity literature helps orga nization to promote its products, services or activities.These can take various forms.House journalIt is an organizations publication that caters its internal public and external public. Its objective is to create an environment for exchange of thoughts on various issues concerning an organization and its employees. yearbook ReportsIt can serve as prestige publication to attract prospective investors.BrochuresIt usually covers information on a specific subject and is used for various purposes such as explaining a new programme, to ask for donations.Take home or mail-out brochures make consumers cognitively connected to the organization and its products and services.Other forms of Printed Literature can be catalogues, booklets, leaflets.Miscellaneous Communication ToolsStickers, posters, labels, Racks or bins, window display, Packaging, gifts like calendars, diaries, pens, key chains.Direct mail ( intelligence agencyletters.)Regular newsletters providing relevant information about th e organization or/and its products/services can fortify relations with customers.AdvertorialsAdvertisements in the form of news stories allow to associate advertising with the credibility of the newspaper.Press ConferencesIt involves calling media representatives together at a place to disseminate newsworthy information regarding the organization.Media PreviewsWhen introducing a new product or organizing new plants and facilities ,the day before the official public showing, the media is precondition a preview company officials welcome media persons and answer their queries.PressToursIt involves transporting a press party a long distance. Press officials are invited individually to witness a landmark achievement, the commissioning of a project or a crisis situation .The Public relation officer briefs them time to time and give background information during press tour.Media-Management LuncheonsLuncheons are arranged in which media representatives have an opportunity to meet manageme nt, to hear about new corporate developments and to inspect facilities.Clip SheetsNews stories and illustrations are reproduced in newspaper format to show news editors how stories and pictures will appear in bulls eye, are distributed by PR department to editors of daily and hebdomadary newspapers.Press kitsIt contains mimeographed news releases, photographs, biographies, and background material that are prepared by PR departments and distributed to the media at special events.Publicity Distribution ServicesIt provides production and low cost distribution of news and pictures to editors and news writers of business magazines, newspapers and radio and television stations.ExhibitionsIt helps to get the instant feedback of the consumers so that their doubts can be clarified and, thus, build customers confidence.Special EventsIts aim is to publicize about the organization and its products in such a way that it attracts the attention of media so that it gets the best coverage possible. alfresco MediaPR professionals use it for disseminating information about their organizations policies and programmes.Attendance at public eventsPresence at Public Events is valuable promotional opportunities. It gives an added advantage over competitors. It gives the opportunity to directly reach the public.NEW MEDIAThe term New Media originated in 21stCentury. It accounts for everything related to digital communication technologies, that is, related to ready reckoner or any mobile device connected to internet is the necessary requirement for new media. Its key feature is Interactivity. In context of Public Relations, the term new media can be aptly called as Social media as being social is all about building and maintaining relationships. But considering the larger context social media is a subset of new media. Still sometimes these two terms are used interchangeably. In terms of Public Relations, New media tools can help in pursuance waysConnectpeople with information and serv ices.Collaboratewith internal and externalCreatenew content, services, and channels of communication that help you deliver information and services.DEFINITIONS OF NEW MEDIAAccording to Oxford dictionaryNew Media is a mover of mass communication using digital technologies such as the Internet.As defined by Webopedia, new media isA generic term for the many diametric forms of electronic communication that are made possible through the use of computer technology. The term is in relation to old media forms, such as print newspapers and magazines that are static representations of text and graphics.DIFFERENT FORMS OF NEW MEDIAWeb sitesA location on the World Wide Web that contains a home rogue and is owned and managed by an individual, company or organization.Online NewsroomAnonline newsroom(also known as apress room,media room,press centerormedia center) is a website that contains information about a corporation or organization. The online newsroom was initially created for corporate communicators andpublic relationsfirms to target traditionalmediaoutlets, fundamentally newspapers, magazines, radio stations and television stations.Electronic mail to the highest degree commonly referred to asemailore-mailsinceca.1993,it is used for exchanging digital messages.Online communitiesGroup of people with similar goals or interests connect and exchange information using web tools.Virtual Reality WorldsA three-dimensional environment is simulated on the computers monitor screen. It allows and its users to interact via graphical avatar representations of themselves.Video sharingAllow you to upload and share online videosWebcastsInternet-based communication tools used to broadcast live or enter phone and/or video over the internet so that information could be delivered to a broad sense of hearing and, in this case, audiences are also connected with each other. It can be either one-way presentation or an interactive sessionWebinarsInternet-based typically one way communi cation tool that can be understood as a specific type of web conference. It involves online polling and question -answer sessions. It can be recorded in order to benefit those who were not able to attend the scheduled time.Web conferencesInternet-based communication tools used to conduct live meetings or presentations over the internet.WidgetsA web widget is a small application that you can embed in a social network site, blog, or website to share content.RSS (Real Simple Syndication) FeedsTo obtain updates without browsing sites for the latest information, RSS feeds are used. These can be used to share information from the organization to the readers. It gets the user subscribed to a particular website.Video and computer gamesIt provides high level involvement to the user. These could be single or multi player games .They may or may not be online.PodcastingPodcasts are free audio or video files that can be listened to or watched on the computer or mobile device. It can be an easy and inexpensive way to provide information to your target audience(s).Blogs VlogsA website with periodical updates (posts) that include text, graphics, videos and hyperlinks. Usually informal in style, blogs allows their readers to leave comments.WikiAn online resource that covers information on almost all the planetary topics.Web advertisingInternet advertising, such as banners, pay-per-click ads, pay-per-call ads and pop-ups, provides a way of reaching people who use the internet for shopping or to gather information. sec Messaging (IM)Due to its simplicity, ease in usage and relatively high level of synchronicity, IM is now widely used internet based communication tool at the workplaces.Chat RoomsA part of an online service that provides virtual world human interaction in real time.Social NetworkingA website that helps in getting connected to ones family and friends and share information.Cell PhonesThese facilitate consumers to get handy with the latest information and provide instant updates in their inboxes when something happens.